摘要
不同的坡向和土地利用类型会改变土壤中的环境状况,进而引起土壤性质和土壤酶的变化,改变土壤的质量。然而在生境复杂的喀斯特槽谷区,其不同坡向与土地利用类型下的土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性及其相互关系的变化更为复杂。因此,以重庆市青木关喀斯特槽谷区为研究对象,研究不同坡向和土地利用类型下的土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性特征,探索影响该地区土壤酶活性的关键驱动因子。研究结果表明:(1)阳坡的全磷(TP)和C∶N高于阴坡,但阴坡的有机质(SOM),有机碳(SOC),全氮(TN),C∶P和N∶P显著高于阳坡。草地和林地的土壤自然含水率(NC),SOM,SOC,TN,C∶P和N∶P的含量高于其他土地利用类型。(2)阳坡的C∶N比阴坡高14.82%,但阴坡的C∶P和N∶P显著高于阳坡。草地和林地的C∶P和N∶P高于裸地、玉米地和辣椒地。(3)阳坡的蛋白酶(PA)和蔗糖酶(SA)活性显著低于阴坡(P<0.05)。除酸性磷酸酶(AKP)外,阳坡草地的土壤酶活性高于裸地、玉米地、辣椒地和林地,而阴坡则为林地的土壤酶活性最高。(4)阳坡的TN与土壤酶活性呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),其对土壤酶活性的贡献率为37.9%。阴坡的TP与土壤酶活性呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),对土壤酶活性的贡献率为52.7%,说明土壤酶活性在不同坡向下受不同的土壤性质的影响。综上所述,阴坡的土壤酶活性高于阳坡,草地和林地的酶活性高于其他土地利用类型,因此,为提高喀斯特槽谷区土地质量,应依据坡向和土地利用类型的差异,因地制宜的在阳坡应该自然恢复草地,阴坡增加林地的面积。
Different slope aspects and land use types can alter the soil environmental conditions,leading to changes in soil properties and enzymes,thereby impacting soil quality.However,in karst trough valley with complex habitats,the variations in soil physical and chemical properties,as well as enzyme activities under different slope aspects and land use types are more intricate.Therefore,this study focused on the Qingmuguan karst trough valley of Chongqing to investigate the characteristics of soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity under different slope aspects and land use types,aiming to explore the key factors influencing soil enzyme activity in this region.The results show that:(1)The total phosphorus(TP)is higher on the sunny slope compared to the shady slope,while the shady slope exhibits higher levels of organic matter(SOM),organic carbon(SOC),and total nitrogen(TN)than the sunny slope.Moreover,both grassland and forest demonstrate higher soil natural moisture content(NC),SOM,SOC,and TN compared to other land use types.(2)The C∶P and N∶P ratios of grassland and forest surpassed those of abandoned land,corn fields,and pepper fields.The C:N ratio on the sunny slope exceeded that on the shady slope by 14.82%,while the C∶P and N∶P ratios were higher on the shady slope.Soil carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometry indicated a greater availability of phosphorus in the sunny slope compared to the shady slope,despite a slower rate of organic matter decomposition.Phosphorus content is lower in abandoned land,corn fields,and grassland but demonstrates superior effectiveness.(3)The soil enzyme activities of protease(PA)and sucrase(SA)were significantly lower on the sunny slope compared to those on the shady slope(P<0.05).With the exception of acid phosphatase(AKP),the soil enzyme activities in the grassland on the sunny slope exceeded those in abandoned land,corn fields,pepper fields,and forest.Conversely,on the shady slope,it exhibits the highest level of soil enzyme activity among forest.(4)The soil enzyme activity on the sunny slope showed a significant negative correlation with the soil enzyme activity(P<0.05),contributing to 37.9%.Similarly,the soil enzyme activity on the shady slope exhibited a significant negative correlation with the soil enzyme activity(P<0.01),contributing to 52.7%.The results indicated that soil enzyme activity was affected by different soil properties on different slopes.In conclusion,the soil enzyme activity on shady slope surpasses that of sunny slope,with grassland and forest exhibiting higher levels compared to other land types.Therefore,in order to enhance the land quality of karst trough valley,natural restoration of grassland should be prioritized on sunny slope based on slope aspect and land use type differences,while increasing the forest on shady slope according to local conditions.
作者
谭晓红
甘凤玲
蒋莉沙
石海龙
罗杰
蒲俊兵
TAN Xiaohong;GAN Fengling;JIANG Lisha;SHI Hailong;LUO Jie;PU Junbing(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Ecological Restoration in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area/Chongqing Observation and Research Station of Earth Surface Ecological Process in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area/Chongqing Field Observation and Research Station of Surface Ecological Process in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Geography and Tourism Science,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第16期8007-8019,共13页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(W2412149,42107355)
中国博士后基金项目(2023MD744195)
重庆师范大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110637057)。
关键词
喀斯特槽谷区
坡向
土地利用类型
化学计量比
土壤酶活性
karst trough valley
slope aspect
land use type
stoichiometric ratio
soil enzyme activity
