摘要
地下水中的砷浓度和形态受到微生物活动的显著影响和调控。奎屯河流域是典型的高砷区,而对奎屯河流域地下水中的砷代谢相关微生物代谢特征的研究尚显匮乏。本研究在奎屯河流域采集了11组地下水样本进行宏基因组测序,分析高砷和低砷地下水化学特征以及砷代谢相关微生物的群落结构和功能基因与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,本研究区地下水的优势门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)。在属水平上,低砷组样品的微生物群落展现出显著的物种丰富度和多样性优势。亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)、硫杆菌属(Thiobacillus)、Sulfuritalea丰度与砷浓度呈显著正相关。本研究共注释到砷甲基化功能基因、As(Ⅲ)氧化功能基因、As(Ⅴ)还原功能基因及砷运输功能基因12种。砷浓度与砷酸盐还原基因和有机砷氧化基因呈显著负相关关系,与亚砷酸甲基转移基因呈显著正相关关系。砷浓度会抑制砷代谢微生物群落和功能基因的丰度和多样性,对微生物群落具有选择压力,使具有砷抗性的微生物在高砷环境中富集。研究区地下水微生物存在多种砷代谢途径,包括砷甲基化、砷氧化还原和砷外排,其中,砷甲基化是该流域高砷地下水中微生物砷代谢的主要途径。砷代谢微生物群落和功能基因与砷浓度之间的关系受到多种环境因素的调控和影响,而不是受单因子调控。本研究通过筛选具有砷代谢能力的微生物种群及其关键功能基因,不仅深化了对砷代谢机制的理解,还为砷污染的生物修复提供了新策略。
It is evident that microbial activities have a considerable impact on the concentration and speciation of arsenic in groundwater,thereby playing a pivotal role in its regulation.Despite its status as a region with a notable arsenic presence,the Kuitun River Basin has received scant research attention with regard to the metabolic characteristics of arsenic-metabolising microorganisms in its groundwater.This study procured 11 groundwater samples from the Kuitun River Basin for metagenomic sequencing,and analyzed the chemical characteristics of both high-and low-arsenic groundwater,as well as the associations between the community structure and functional genes of arsenic-metabolizing microorganisms and various environmental factors.The results of the study indicated that the predominant bacterial phyla present in the study area's groundwater were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Planctomycetota.At the genus level,low-arsenic samples exhibited a notable advantage in species richness and diversity.Furthermore,the abundances of Nitrosomonas,Thiobacillus,and Sulfuritalea were found to be significantly positively correlated with total arsenic(As)concentrations.A total of 12 functional genes associated with arsenic methylation,arsenite(As(Ⅲ))oxidation,arsenate(As(V))reduction,and arsenic transport were annotated.That the concentrations demonstrated a substantial negative correlation with arsenate reductase gene and organic arsenic oxidase gene,while concurrently exhibiting a significant positive correlation with arsenite methyltransferase gene.The presence of arsenic in the environment had a significant impact on the proliferation and diversity of microbial communities responsible for arsenic metabolism.This impact was characterized by the exertion of inhibitory effects on the abundance and diversity of arsenic-metabolizing microbial communities and the functional genes that facilitate this process.Consequently,this resulted in the selective pressure on the microbial community,leading to the enrichment of arsenic-resistant microorganisms in environments with elevated levels of arsenic.The study area's groundwater microorganisms were observed to demonstrate a variety of arsenic metabolic pathways,encompassing arsenic methylation,arsenic redox reactions,and arsenic efflux.Among these,arsenic methylation was identified as the primary pathway of microbial arsenic metabolism in high-arsenic groundwater within this basin.The relationships between arsenic-metabolizing microbial communities and functional genes,and arsenic concentrations,were regulated and influenced by multiple environmental factors rather than a singular one.By means of screening microbial populations that are capable of arsenic metabolism,in conjunction with their key functional genes,this study has not only deepened our understanding of arsenic metabolism mechanisms,but also provided novel strategies for bioremediation technologies that are aimed at addressing arsenic pollution.
作者
孔祥志
李巧
陈婷
陶洪飞
马合木江·艾合麦提
杨静茹
Kong Xiangzhi;Li Qiao;Chen Ting;Tao Hongfei;Mahemujiang Aihemaiti;Yang Jingru(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Safety and Water Hazard Prevention and Control,Urumqi 830052,P.R.China;Xinjiang Corps Survey and Design Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830002,P.R.China)
出处
《湖泊科学》
北大核心
2025年第5期1647-1660,共14页
Journal of Lake Sciences
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区高校基本科研业务费科研项目(XJEDU2022J008)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(2022D01B86)
新疆维吾尔自治区重大专项(2023A02002-1)
国家自然科学基金项目(41762018)联合资助。
关键词
高砷地下水
奎屯河流域
砷代谢基因
宏基因组学
High-arsenic groundwater
Kuitun River Basin
arsenic metabolism genes
metagenomics
