摘要
中压配电线路及其稳定电流应用环境下,针对传统电压电流分离测量、一二次融合后绝缘子内部安全性、电压测量增益难以确定和TMR电流测量抗干扰的局限,故提出一种基于电场耦合与TMR磁传感的绝缘子电压电流一体化传感器。一方面提出设计绝缘子内嵌电压传感单元各结构参数的仿真优化方法,从电场分布均匀性与绝缘强度等方面去仿真验证结构的合理性,得出绝缘子模型尺寸限定条件下的最佳结构参数,从而实现电压传感单元融入绝缘子内部后的感应电场均匀化、传递函数确定化和局部放电的相对最小化,保证绝缘子的安全性并提高电压测量精度;另一方面提出一种置于绝缘子顶端的基于TMR的开口式两级磁环电流传感器,通过仿真分析磁敏感特性来设计得出磁环各尺寸参数,从而提高磁测量处灵敏度、抗干扰能力和磁场均匀度,实现开环下较宽量程电流信号的准确测量。最终设计一体化传感结构与系统来进行多项实验,工频下1~14 kV内显示有效值最大相对误差为1.49%,10 kV输入与干扰并存时相对误差为1.41%;工频下1~120 A内2 A及以上示波器采集下的误差在1.2%以内,20 A输入与干扰并存下相对误差为-1.129%;其测试范围内实验结果表明该电压电流一体化传感器可保证一定的抗干扰能力、精度、稳定性和动态范围。
In the application environment of medium-voltage distribution lines and their stable currents,in response to the limitations of traditional voltage and current separate measurement,the internal safety of insulators after the integration of primary and secondary systems,the difficulty in determining the voltage measurement gain,and the anti-interference ability of TMR current measurement,a voltage and current integrated sensor based on electric field coupling and TMR magnetic sensing is proposed for insulators.On the one hand,a simulation optimization method for the structural parameters of the embedded voltage sensing unit in the insulator is proposed.The rationality of the structure is verified through simulation from aspects such as the uniformity of the electric field distribution and insulation strength,and the optimal structural parameters under the size limit of the insulator model are obtained,thereby achieving the uniformization of the induced electric field,the determination of the transfer function,and the relative minimization of partial discharge after the voltage sensing unit is integrated into the insulator,ensuring the safety of the insulator and improving the voltage measurement accuracy.On the other hand,an open two-stage magnetic ring current sensor based on TMR placed at the top of the insulator is proposed.The magnetic ring′s size parameters are designed through simulation analysis of the magnetic sensitivity characteristics,thereby improving the sensitivity,anti-interference ability,and magnetic field uniformity at the magnetic measurement point,and accurately measuring the current signal within a wide range in an open loop.Finally,an integrated sensing structure and system are designed to conduct multiple experiments.Under power frequency,the maximum relative error of the effective value within 1 to 14 kV is 1.49%,and the relative error is 1.41%when 10kV input and interference coexist.Under power frequency,the error is within 1.2%for 2 A and above current signals collected by the oscilloscope within 1 to 120 A,and the relative error is-1.129%when 20 A input and interference coexist.The experimental results within the test range show that the voltage and current integrated sensor can ensure certain anti-interference ability,accuracy,stability,and dynamic range.In the application environment of medium-voltage distribution lines and their stable currents,in response to the limitations of traditional voltage and current separate measurement,the internal safety of insulators after the integration of primary and secondary systems,the difficulty in determining the voltage measurement gain,and the anti-interference ability of TMR current measurement.A voltage-current integrated sensor based on electric field coupling and TMR magnetic sensing is proposed for insulators.On the one hand,a simulation-based optimization method is proposed for the structural parameters of the voltage sensing embedded within the insulator.The structural rationality is verified through simulations focusing on electric field distribution and insulation strength.Under the geometric constraints of the insulator model,the optimal structural parameters are obtained to achieve uniform induced electric fields,a well-defined transfer function,and minimized partial discharge after the voltage sensing unit is integrated into the insulator.This ensures the safety of the insulator and improving the voltage measurement accuracy.On the other hand,an open-loop two-stage magnetic ring current sensor based on TMR is proposed,which is placed at the top of the insulator.The dimensional parameters of the magnetic rings are designed through simulation analysis of the magnetic sensitivity characteristics,thereby improving the sensitivity,anti-interference capability,and magnetic field uniformity at the sensing point,enabling accurate measurement ofa wide-range current signal in open-loop conditions.An integrated sensing structure and system are ultimately designed for multiple experiments.Under power frequency conditions,the maximum relative error of the effective voltage measurement from 1 to 14 kV is 1.49%,and 1.41%under 10 kV input a with interference.For current measurements ranging from 1 to 120 A,the error under oscilloscope acquisition for signals above 2 A is within 1.2%,and-1.129%relative error under 20 A input with interference.Experimental results within the test range demonstrate that the proposed voltage-current integrated sensor offers certain anti-interference ability,accuracy,stability,and dynamic range.
作者
宴方方
索春光
张文斌
朱俊宇
Yan Fangfang;Suo Chunguang;Zhang Wenbin;Zhu Junyu(College of Science,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650504,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650504,China;State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《仪器仪表学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期59-70,共12页
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
基金
云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202104BN050011,202301AS070028)资助。
关键词
电压电流一体化测量
电场耦合
TMR磁传感
多级磁环
配电网绝缘子
integrated voltage and current measurement
electric field coupling
TMR magnetic sensing
multi-stage magnetic rings
distribution network insulators
