摘要
微塑料作为一种新兴污染物,广泛存在于环境和食品链中,对生态系统和人类健康构成严重威胁。本文系统综述了微塑料的主要来源,包括食品包装、水系统、海产品和农产品,揭示了其通过食物链进入人体的多种途径。同时,详细探讨了食品中微塑料的分离技术(如物理处理、化学消化、酶解和萃取方法)及识别手段(如傅里叶变换红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法、扫描电子显微镜和热分析技术),并分析了各类技术的优缺点,提出现有方法在定量精度、效率和标准化方面存在不足。本研究通过技术评估和污染路径解析,为检测体系构建与安全防控提供理论支撑,成果对完善监测标准、推动风险评估具有关键作用,为制定管控策略奠定基础。
Microplastics,as emerging contaminants,are widely present in the environment and food chains,posing significant threats to ecosystems and human health.This review systematically summarized the primary sources of microplastics,including food packaging,water systems,seafood and agricultural products,and revealed their pathways into the human body through the food chain.Additionally,it elaborated on separation techniques(e.g.,physical treatment,chemical digestion,enzymatic degradation and extraction methods)and identification approaches(eg.,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis)for microplastics in food,while evaluating their advantages and limitations,proposed that the existing methods had deficiencies in terms of quantitative accuracy,efficiency and standardization.This research,through technical assessment and pollution pathway analysis,provided theoretical support for the construction of a detection system and safety prevention and control.The achievements play a crucial role in improving monitoring standards and promoting risk assessment,laying a foundation for formulating control strategies.
作者
黄志康
董喆
梁瑞强
曹进
袁彪
HUANG Zhi-Kang;DONG Zhe;LIANG Rui-Qiang;CAO Jin;YUAN Biao(National Institute for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 100050,China;College of Engineering,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 210009,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2025年第18期258-264,共7页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
关键词
微塑料
检测技术
食品污染
环境健康
分离方法
microplastics
detection technology
food contamination
environmental health
separation methods
