摘要
对于英国陪审制的兴起、兴盛和衰落的原因,学界通常从法学的角度进行解释。但是这一解释路径忽视了陪审制作为政治制度和法律制度的双重属性,其兴衰实则受政治力量的控制和主导。英国陪审制的兴起,主要是教会权力、王权和地方权力此消彼长达成平衡的结果;其之所以兴盛,在很大程度上源于英国资产阶级革命需要塑造反抗暴政、追求自由精神的陪审团作为革命修辞以动员民众。但资产阶级革命胜利后,英国形成了议会中心的权力格局,司法在政治体系中的地位和作用被削弱了,主权者不再需要具有反抗精神的陪审团发挥颠覆现有政治权力格局的作用。在效率和财政紧缩等多重因素的考量下,陪审团审判逐渐被边缘化。当然,政治并非能随心所欲地主导法律制度的兴衰,其主导作用的发挥,往往还受制于背后的文化和传统等因素。
Scholarly explanations for the rise,flourishing,and decline of the English jury system have predominantly focused on legal perspectives.This interpretative approach,however,overlooks its dual nature as both a political institution and a legal one,whose rise and decline were ultimately controlled and directed by political forces.Its emergence primarily resulted from a shifting balance of power among ecclesiastical authority,royal prerogative and local governance.Its golden age was largely attributable to the need of the bourgeoisie revolution to fashion juries as revolutionary rhetoric-symbolizing resistance to tyranny and the pursuit of liberty-to mobilize public support.However,after the revolution came to a triumphant conclusion,Britain’s power structure became parliament-centric,diminishing the judiciary’s political role.Those in power no longer required defiant juries to subvert the established political order.Amid considerations of efficiency and fiscal austerity,jury trials were gradually marginalized.Politics,of course,cannot unilaterally dictate the rise and fall of legal institutions,and its influence remains constrained by underlying cultural and traditional factors.
作者
袁爱华
李克艳
YUAN Aihua;LI Keyan(College of Law and Sociology,Qujing Normal University,Qujing,Yunnan Province 655011)
出处
《楚雄师范学院学报》
2025年第4期120-126,共7页
Journal of Chuxiong Normal University
基金
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“曲靖市人民陪审制的实践现状、问题及对策”(2023J1020)。
关键词
英国陪审制
政治逻辑
权力博弈
革命修辞
the English jury system
political logic
power game
revolutionary rhetoric
