摘要
国内外典型国家海洋牧场的发展经验表明,探索适宜于自身禀赋优势、结合现代要素的发展理念和模式,可以取得社会、经济、生态的多重效应。中国海洋牧场建设大致经历了试验期(1979—2006年)、建设推进期(2007—2015年)、建设加速期(2016年至今),取得了显著进展。中国海洋牧场可分为增殖型、养护型、休闲型,其中增殖型最多;从区域来看,集中于黄渤海等北部海区。以江苏为主的南黄海区建设则滞后于其他区域,以该区域近期新建的陶湾海洋牧场为例分析发现,该区域可能是未来的潜力区,既具有一定的优势和机遇,也面临着较大的劣势和威胁。为此,提出了优化海洋牧场布局和引领区域海洋渔业发展的对策建议,包括“海洋牧场+能源”融合发展、充分利用广阔滩涂资源、引培海洋牧场专业人才、强化保护中适度开发、积极开展泥沙监测和治理、创新资金投入和运营模式等。
The development experience of typical marine ranches in domestic and foreign countries shows that exploring development concepts and models that are suitable for one's own endowment advantages and combine modern construction acceleration period(Since 2016),and has made significant progress.Marine ranches in China can be divided into proliferation type,maintenance type,and leisure type,with proliferation type being the most common;from a regional perspective,it is concentrated in the northern sea areas such as the Yellow Sea and Bohai.The construction of the South Yellow Sea area,mainly in Jiangsu,lags behind other regions.Taking the recently built Taowan Marine Ranch as an example,it was found that this area may be a potential area for the future,with certain advantages and opportunities,as well as significant disadvantages and threats.To this end,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to optimize the layout of marine ranching and lead the development of regional marine fisheries,including the integrated development of"marine ranching+energy",making full use of the vast mudflat resources,introducing and cultivating marine ranching professionals,strengthening the moderate development in protection,actively developing sediment monitoring and control,and innovating investment and operation modes.
作者
吉永晋
高翔
刘子飞
李雪
Ji Yongjin;Gao Xiang;Liu Zifei;Li Xue(Colleg of Economics and Management,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning;Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141)
出处
《农业展望》
2025年第4期67-76,共10页
Agricultural Outlook
基金
湖州师范学院“两山”理念研究院2022年度重点专项课题(LSZ2203)
国家贝类产业技术体系(CARS-49)专项资助
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2023XT08,2022XT0804)专项资助。
