摘要
苏轼词存在大量的神仙书写。苏轼在词中嵌入仙传,藉由仙事吟咏情怀,增加了词的叙事性和故事性,在词史上具有开拓和创新意义。苏轼借用神仙人物比拟友人和自己,是苏词雅化的重要方式,寄托了词人的人格理想,有助于增强词体的含蓄性、生动性和表现力。苏轼词往往将人间和天上并置组合,实现了现实与仙境的自由往来。他将“天上”作为精神空间和理想世界,多赋归去之思,具有谪仙意识。出于强烈的身份认同,他在书写李白“谪仙”形象的同时建构了自我,从而使其在艰难困苦的生活中获得精神依托。苏轼词的神仙书写既与北宋时期道教盛行的社会文化环境有关,也与其个人成长经历密不可分。这一创作现象对当时和后世词人产生了重要影响,一定程度上促成了以“仙”评苏词现象,是“坡仙”形象塑造和“坡仙气象”形成的重要因素。
There are numerous immortal-themed writings in Su Shi’s ci.Su Shi embedded immortal legends into his ci,expressing his emotions through tales of immortals,which enhanced the narrative and storytelling qualities of his ci.This represents a pioneering and innovative contribution in the history of ci.Su Shi employed immortal figures as metaphors for his friends and himself,an important approach to elevating the elegance of his ci.This practice embodied his ideal of personality and helped strengthen the subtlety,vividness,and expressiveness of the ci genre.His ci often juxtapose the human world with the celestial realm,enabling free movement between reality and the immortal realm.He regarded the“celestial realm”as a spiritual space and ideal world,frequently infusing his works with a yearning for return,reflecting a sense of being a“banished immortal”.Driven by a strong sense of identity,while depicting Li Bai as a“banished immortal”,Su Shi constructed his own image,thereby finding spiritual solace amid life’s hardships and adversities.The immortal-themed writings in Su Shi’s ci are closely linked both to the social and cultural context of the Northern Song Dynasty,where Taoism flourished,and to his personal life experiences.This creative phenomenon exerted a significant influence on poets of his time and later generations.To some extent,it contributed to the tradition of evaluating Su Shi’s ci with the concept of“immortality”,and stood as a crucial factor in shaping the image of“Poet Immortal Su”and the formation of the“Aura of Poet Immortal Su”.
出处
《中州学刊》
北大核心
2025年第8期138-147,共10页
Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费项目“道教与唐宋词关系研究”(23IJKY08)。
关键词
苏轼词
神仙
仙传
谪仙
坡仙气象
Su Shi’s ci
immortal
immortal legends
banished immortal
Aura of Poet Immortal Su
