摘要
人参皂苷是人参的主要活性成分,具有广泛的抗癌、抗炎、调节氧化应激和改善神经功能等生物学作用。糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病常见的微血管并发症,也是严重危害视力的视网膜类疾病。人参皂苷可以通过调节氧化应激、炎症反应、细胞凋亡和改善微血管、神经病变等途径发挥治疗DR的作用。为推进人参皂苷治疗DR的临床应用轻化,本文以人参皂苷Rg1、Rg3、Rb1为主线,对不同类型人参皂苷治疗DR的分子机制进行综述。结果发现Rg1可通过减轻氧化应激、抑制炎症反应、减少细胞凋亡自噬、促进神经细胞修复等发挥较强神经保护作用;Rg3侧重于改善微血管损伤,通过激活PI3K/Akt信号通路、抑制血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达、减少血管内皮细胞增殖及氧化应激等保护外层血-视网膜屏障;Rb1更偏向通过调节视网膜的抗氧化功能,从而保护细胞免受氧化应激损伤。
Ginsenoside is the main active ingredient of ginseng,which has a wide range of biological effects such as anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,regulating oxidative stress and improving neurological function.Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a common microvascular complication of diabetes and a retinal disease that seriously endangers vision.Ginsenosides can play a role in the treatment of DR by regulating oxidative stress,inflammatory response,apoptosis and improving microvascular and neuropathy.In order to promote the clinical application of ginsenosides in the treatment of DR,this article reviews the molecular mechanisms of different types of ginsenosides in the treatment of DR with ginsenosides Rg1,Rg3,and Rb1 as the main line.The results showes that Rg1 can play a strong neuroprotective role by reducing oxidative stress,inhibiting inflammatory response,reducing apoptosis and autophagy and promoting nerve cell repair;Rg3 focuses on improving microvascular injury and protects the outer blood-retinal barrier by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,inhibiting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),reducing vascular endothelial cell proliferation and oxidative stress;Rb1 is more inclined to protect cells from oxidative stress damage by regulating the antioxidant function of the retina.
作者
吴程
潘晓川
朱万婷
柳丽娟
林静
WU Cheng;PAN Xiaochuan;ZHU Wanting;LIU Lijuan;LIN Jing(Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM,Chengdu 610075;the Open University of Deyang,Deyang 618000,China)
出处
《临床医学研究与实践》
2025年第25期195-198,共4页
Clinical Research and Practice
基金
四川省中医药管理局科学技术研究专项课题(No.2023MS602)。
关键词
人参皂苷
糖尿病视网膜病变
氧化应激
血管内皮生长因子
炎症反应
神经功能
ginsenoside
diabetic retinopathy
oxidative stress
vascular endothelial growth factor
inflammatory response
neurological function
