摘要
沿海地区含抗生素废水排入近岸海水后,在水和沉积物两相处于动态吸附—解吸过程。为探究纳污海域中抗生素的赋存特征及分配规律,本研究采用超高效液相色谱质谱联用仪,定量检测了6类77种抗生素在近岸纳污区(JX和SY)和杭州湾近海(Hangzhou Bay, HB)的浓度。结果显示,沉积物中抗生素均以喹诺酮类(quinolones, QNs)为主,总抗生素浓度由近岸纳污区到近海存在明显的距离衰减趋势。离岸近的JX和SY纳污区沉积物中总抗生素浓度分别为2.3~132.2 ng/g(平均值为34.8 ng/g)和2.0~133.3 ng/g(平均值为74.7 ng/g),离岸相对远的HB区域总抗生素浓度为2.2~51.9 ng/g(平均值为15.6 ng/g)。9种抗生素在两个纳污区的水体和沉积物中被共同检出,且频次大于50%,在SY纳污区,enrofloxacin(ERFX)、 ofloxacin(OFX)、 marbofloxacin(MBFX)和nadifloxacin(NDFX)由水向沉积物转移程度较大,它们在两相中的分配与沉积物理化性质呈正相关关系,而与水质呈负相关关系;在JX纳污区,tosufloxacintosylate(TSFX)、roxithromycin(RTM)、clarithromycin(CLM)、4-epichlortetracycline(ETC)和methacycline(MTC)由水向沉积物转移程度较大,它们在两相中的分配与水质呈正相关关系,而与沉积物理化性质呈负相关关系。抗生素浓度分配带来了相应的生态风险分配,水中抗生素的生态风险远大于沉积物,水中以ERFX、NDFX、MBFX和OFX风险较大,主要针对鱼类,其次是绿藻和水蚤,并且JX纳污区水中抗生素的生态风险远高于SY纳污区。本研究对评估海洋生态健康、管控抗生素污染、开发修复技术与制定管理政策具有重要意义。
After coastal areas discharge antibiotic-containing wastewater into nearshore seawater,a dynamic adsorption-desorption process takes place in both the water and sediment phases.To investigate the occurrence characteristics and partition patterns of antibiotics in the effluent receiving areas(ERAs),we quantitatively analyzed the concentrations of six classes of 77 antibiotics in nearshore ERAs(JX and SY)and in coastal areas of Hangzhou Bay(Hangzhou Bay,HB),using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.The results indicated that quinolones(QNs)were the predominant antibiotics detected in the sediments,and the total concentration of antibiotics decreased significantly from the nearshore ERAs to the coastal regions.In the nearshore areas of JX and SY,the total antibiotic concentration ranged from 2.3 to 132.2 ng/g(mean:34.8 ng/g)and from 2.0 to 133.3 ng/g(mean:74.7 ng/g),respectively.In contrast,the total antibiotic concentration in the coastal HB regions ranged from 2.2 to 51.9 ng/g(mean:15.6 ng/g).Nine antibiotics were detected together with the detection frequency exceeding 50%in the water and sediments of the two of nearshore effluent receiving areas.Enrofloxacin(ERFX),ofloxacin(OFX),marbofloxacin(MBFX),and nadifloxacin(NDFX)were found to transfer from water to sediments greatly in SY.Their partition between the two phases showed a positive correlation with the physicochemical properties of the sediments but a negative correlation with water quality.Tosufloxacin tosylate(TSFX),roxithromycin(RTM),clarithromycin(CLM),4 epichlortetracycline(ETC)and methacycline(MTC)transferred from water to sediments greatly in JX,with their partition between the two phases positively correlated with water quality but negatively correlated with the physicochemical properties of the sediments.The partition of antibiotic concentrations results in a corresponding partition of ecological risks.The ecological risk posed by antibiotics in water is significantly greater than that in sediments.Among the antibiotics,the risks associated with ERFX,NDFX,MBFX,and OFX in water are relatively high,primarily affecting fish,followed by green algae and water fleas.Additionally,the ecological risk of antibiotics in the water of the JX area is considerably higher than that in the SY area.This study is of great significance for assessing marine ecological health,controlling antibiotic pollution,developing remediation technologies,and formulating management policies.
作者
李菲菲
陈吕军
苏志国
郑宇涵
温东辉
LI Feifei;CHEN Lyujun;SU Zhiguo;ZHENG Yuhan;WEN Donghui(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100087,China)
出处
《海洋环境科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期588-597,共10页
Marine Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52200227,51938001,52170185,52300243,52300116)。
关键词
抗生素
沉积物
纳污海域
两相分配
生态风险
antibiotics
sediments
effluent receiving area(era)
two-phase partition
ecological risks
