摘要
人工智能幻觉作为技术领域的争议性概念,其定义模糊性暴露了工程学视角的局限。本文以媒介史与德国文化技艺理论为基础,提出人工智能幻觉并非单纯的技术缺陷,而是延续书写、印刷等传统媒介逻辑的文化实践。通过分析伽利略天文望远镜争议、浪漫派文学中的书写幻觉,以及精神分析与文学的同源性,揭示幻觉的本质是一种文化技艺,它重新划定了符号系统中“真实”的边界。纵观媒介史,天文望远镜挑战神学阐释权、文字媒介催生认知权威,均展现了技术如何通过划定“真实”边界塑造文化权力结构。人工智能幻觉作为数字媒介的认知增殖方式,延续了这一逻辑,其矛盾源于人类对自身认知特权消逝的焦虑。本文主张摒弃二元对立的技术修正路径,转而接纳概率分布下的“新真实”,将幻觉视为人机共生文明中知识形态演进的动态边界。通过整合德国媒介学派理论、贝叶斯概率论及海德格尔对技术本质的追问,本文为重新审视人机关系提供了跨学科视角,强调危险与机遇并存,呼吁一种从“消除幻觉”转向“共生共演”的进路调整。
As a controversial concept in the field of technology,artificial intelligence hallucination exposes the limitations of an engineering perspective due to the ambiguity of its definition.Based on media history and German theories of cultural techniques(Kulturtechnik),this paper proposes that artificial intelligence hallucination is not merely a technical defect,but a cultural practice extending the logic of traditional media such as writing and printing.By analyzing the controversy over Galileo′s telescope,the hallucinatory aspects of writing in romantic literature,and the homology between psychoanalysis and literature,this paper reveals that the essence of hallucination is a cultural technique,which redraws the boundaries of“reality”in the symbolic system.Throughout media history—from the telescope which challenges theological interpretive authority to written media which fosters cognitive authority—technologies have shaped the structure of cultural power by delimiting the boundaries of the“reality”.As a mode of cognitive proliferation specific to digital media,artificial intelligence hallucination continues this logic,and its contradiction stems from human anxiety over the warning of their cognitive privilege.The paper advocates abandoning the binary opposition inherent in technical correction approaches,and accepts a“new reality”under probability distribution.Hallucination should be viewed as the dynamic boundary of the evolution of knowledge form within the human-machine symbiotic civilization.By integrating German media theory,Bayesian probability,and Heidegger′s questioning of the essence of technology,this paper offers an interdisciplinary perspective for re-examining human-machine relations,emphasizes the coexistence of danger and opportunity,and calls for an adjustment of the route from“elimination of hallucination”to“symbiotic co-evolution”.
出处
《天府新论》
2025年第5期88-97,157,共11页
New Horizons from Tianfu
关键词
人工智能幻觉
媒介史
技术哲学
文化技艺
人机伦理
artificial intelligence hallucination
media history
philosophy of technology
cultural tech⁃nique(kulturtechnik)
human-machine ethics
