摘要
城市多重灾害频发,威胁居民身心健康。以洪涝灾害频发的桂林市为研究区,实地调研收集洪涝和复合灾害[洪涝与新冠疫情(COVID-19)]影响下城市居民的心理健康风险调查问卷共546份,结合城市居住空间环境指标和地理探测器方法分析影响因素作用。调查数据表明,桂林市居民在洪涝灾害和复合灾害影响下的心理健康风险总体不高(平均值为3.44~4.52),且受城市空间环境因素影响明显(因子解释力高于0.175)。调查问卷和城市空间环境数据的因子解释力分析都表明,复合灾害下各指标的因子解释力低于洪涝单灾种时的解释力,指标交互作用显著高于单因子影响。城市空间环境因素中的指标对居民心理健康风险的因子解释力比问卷调查数据中环境指标解释力要低,但仍表现出较好的潜力。未来需进一步提高城市空间环境因素数据精度,加强与居民行为、社会大数据、人工智能等新技术结合,提升城市居民心理健康风险诊断精度。研究结果对城市居民心理健康监测、景观优化布局、应急管理均有较好的指导价值。
The frequent occurrence of multiple disasters in cities threatens the physical and mental health of residents.It is of great practical significance to quickly monitor the mental health status of residents after disasters,and to explore the influence mechanism of multi-source spatial data on the mental health risk of urban residents in multiple disaster scenarios.Through literature analysis,this paper finds that there are abundant research results on the relationship between urban environment and mental health,but few studies have evaluated mental health by monitoring the environment.This paper takes Guilin City,where flood occurs frequently,as the study area,and collects a total of 546 questionnaires on mental health risks of urban residents,urban space environment indicators data,and utilizes the Geodetector method,to under the compound influence scheme of floods and the compound disaster of flood and COVID-19 epidemic.From the perspective of the natural environment,social and economic level,urban built environment,and multiple disasters,the urban living space environment indicators are selected,and the explanatory power and interaction of influencing factors are analyzed.The survey data show that the mental health risks of Guilin residents under the influence of flood and compound disaster(flood and COVID-19 epidemics)are generally not high(average value is 3.44-4.52),and are significantly affected by urban environmental factors(factor explanatory power is higher than 0.175).In flood disasters,the contribution of natural environment and disaster factors to the mental health risk of residents is relatively large(factor explanatory power is 0.043 and 0.032,respectively);in the compound disaster of flood and COVID-19 epidemic,the natural environment and built environment contributed greatly to the mental health risk of residents(the explanatory power of factors was 0.016 and 0.013,respectively).There are differences in the personal characteristics of mental health risks in different disaster situations.Geodetectors'exploration of survey data shows that,in the case of floods,the degree of influence of the environment on the mood and the contribution of age to mental health risks are greater(factor explanatory power is 0.175 and 0.167);in compound disasters,age and occupation contributed more to mental health risk(factor explanatory power was 0.108 and 0.092).Both the questionnaire data analysis and the urban spatial environment factors data analysis show that the explanatory power of each index under the compound disaster of flood and epidemic is lower than that under the single disaster of flood.The interactive influences among various factors are much stronger than the influence of a single factor.In flood disasters,the interactions between natural environmental indicators and disaster impact indicators have much significant impact on residents'mental health risks.In the compound disasters of floods and COVID-19,the impacts of natural and built environments on residents'mental health risks are significant.The explanatory power of indicators in urban spatial environmental factors to residents'mental health risks is lower than that of environmental-related indicators in questionnaire survey data,but it still shows good potential for indicating the residents'mental health risks.In future research,it is necessary to further improve the data accuracy of urban spatial environmental factors,enrich data sources,strengthen the combination with residents'behavior,social media big data,and artificial intelligence technology,and improve the diagnosis and prediction accuracy of urban residents'mental health risks.This study is a good case and has good guiding value for urban residents'mental health monitoring and prediction,urban landscape architecture optimization layout,and emergency management for compound disasters.
作者
杨飞
蒋丽
YANG Fei;JIANG Li(Supervisor of Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101;Guangxi Century Space Science and Technology Education Information Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530201)
出处
《中国园林》
北大核心
2025年第8期6-13,共8页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3800703)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42171079)
ANSO国际科学组织联盟联合研究合作专项课题(ANSO-CRKP-2022-06)。
