摘要
一直以来,中国积极维护“全球南方”国家的正当权益,大力开展南南气候合作,并取得了重要成效。当前,全球气候治理面临双重挑战,国际气候合作经受严峻考验。一方面,全球升温已触发地球气候系统的多个临界点,并将由此引发更大的气候危机;另一方面,特朗普二次执政后再次退出《巴黎协定》,对全球气候治理形成了巨大冲击。由于放松管制,美国的碳排放预计大幅增加,必将进一步加剧气候“临界”风险。在双重挑战影响下,“全球南方”国家希望强化全球气候治理进程,频繁提出多种治理诉求。中国在“共同但有区别的责任”原则指导下,不断增加国际支持力度,切实帮助“全球南方”国家应对气候变化,并以“77国集团和中国”“基础四国”和金砖合作机制为主要平台,努力提升“全球南方”的治理合法性、议程塑造能力和绿色引领力,持续改善全球气候治理状况。未来,中国将与其他“全球南方”国家共同强化“真正的多边主义”,聚焦早期预警、绿色技术等方面的合作,推动绿色低碳转型,应对气候“临界”风险,完善全球气候治理体系,积极推动构建人类命运共同体。
China has long been committed to safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of Global South countries and has actively engaged in South-South climate cooperation with notable progress.At present,global climate governance faces dual challenges and is undergoing a severe test.On the one hand,global warming has already triggered multiple tipping points in the Earth's climate system,which could lead to an even greater climate crisis.On the other hand,Donald Trump,back in office for the second time,has once again withdrawn from the Paris Agreement,dealing a major blow to global climate governance.Due to deregulation,U.S.carbon emissions are expected to rise significantly,further intensifying the“tipping point”climate risks.Under the impact of these dual challenges,Global South countries are eager to strengthen the global climate governance process and have frequently raised various governance demands.Guided by the principle of“common but differentiated responsibilities”,China has continually increased its international support by taking concrete steps to help Global South countries address climate change.Through platforms such as the“Group of 77 and China”,the BASIC countries,and the BRICS cooperation mechanism,China strives to enhance the governance legitimacy,agenda-setting capacity,and green leadership of the Global South,thereby steadily improving the state of global climate governance.Looking ahead,China will continue working with other Global South countries to enhance“genuine multilateralism”,focus on cooperation in areas such as early warning systems and green technologies,promote green and low-carbon transitions,address“tipping-point”climate risks,improve the global climate governance system,and actively contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
基金
外交学院自设课题“碳中和背景下中国参与全球气候治理研究”(项目编号:JY2023027)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
全球治理
“全球南方”
气候临界点
南南合作
气候外交
人类命运共同体
global governance
Global South
climate tipping points
South-South Cooperation
climate diplomacy
a community with a shared future for mankind
