摘要
玉米是最主要的能量饲料来源,但我国国内供应高度依赖进口,2024年我国以1 364万吨的进口量位居全球玉米进口国首位。但近年来因政策等多种因素的交互影响,玉米饲料生产成本日益增高。因此,寻找玉米替代饲料,对于我国畜牧业规模化、集约化发展及企业降本增效、可持续发展至关重要。近年来研究发现油莎豆、尾菜(蔬菜加工副产物)、果渣、木薯等是优质的能量饲料,系统阐明这些能量饲料的营养成分、代谢特征、作用机制以及对菌群稳态、肠道屏障功能的影响,有利于优化其在玉米饲料中的替代应用。本文主要综述油莎豆、尾菜、果渣、木薯的主要营养成分及特性,及其对动物肠道菌群的具体作用和机制,旨在为充分开发玉米替代饲料,推动我国生猪产业和饲料产业健康发展提供理论依据和参考。
Corn served as the primary energy feed source,yet domestic supplied remains heavily import-dependent.In 2024,China led global corn imports with 13.64 million metric tons.Recent years had seen rising production costs for corn-based feed due to policy changing and other factors.Finding corn alternatives was critical to develop intensive and sustainable operations in China's swine industry.Research showed cyperus esculentus,vegetable waste(vegetable processing residues),fruit pomace,and cassava worked well as alternative energy feeds.Studying their nutrition,metabolism,and effects on intestinal microbiota and gut barriers would help improve their use as replacements.This review examined the nutritional value of Cyperus esculentus,vegetable waste(vegetable processing residues),fruit pomace,and cassava,focused on how they affect intestinal microbiota.The goal was to support better feed solutions and sustainable growth in China's swine and feed industries.
作者
胡祥祺
李德富
袁业现
HU Xiangqi;LI Defu;YUAN Yexian(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《中国猪业》
2025年第4期3-11,共9页
China Swine Industry
基金
国家生猪产业技术体系项目(CARS-35-PIG)
“去甲基化酶KDM6B介导α酮戊二酸酯调控猪肝脏氨基酸代谢的机制”项目(32302827)。
关键词
猪
油莎豆
尾菜(蔬菜加工副产物)
果渣
木薯
肠道菌群
swine
cyperus esculentus
vegetable processing residues
fruit pomace
cassava
intestinal microbiota
