摘要
红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)作为南亚热带重要的乡土珍贵用材与生态修复树种,其容器育苗技术的优化对提升造林成效至关重要。通过析因试验设计,系统探究基质组成(半轻基质P1、轻基质P2、传统基质P3)与施肥策略(用量梯度分别为2、6、10 g·株^(-1);频率分别为15、30 d·次^(-1))对红锥容器苗生长及根系发育的交互效应。结果表明:基质类型显著影响苗木生长,半轻基质P1因兼顾保水性、透气性与有机质供给,在施肥量6 g·株^(-1)、频率15 d·次^(-1)的协同作用下,苗高(19.12 cm)、地径(0.34 cm)、总生物量(3.89 g·株^(-1))及根系活力(0.40μg·g^(-1)·h^(-1))均达最优,综合评分达1.23,高于相同施肥处理传统基质P3(0.35)得分;施肥频率对根系发育具有调控作用,高频施肥(15 d·次^(-1))显著促进主根伸长和侧根增生,根冠比降低,表明“少量多次”模式更契合红锥养分吸收节律;基质与施肥的适配性是关键,半轻基质+高频施肥下的苗木生长及根系发育最佳。研究认为,P1基质搭配6 g·株^(-1)+15 d·次^(-1)的施肥方案为南亚热带红锥容器苗高效培育的最佳处理组合。
Castanopsis hystrix is an important local precious timber and ecological restoration tree species in the southern subtropical zone.The optimization of its container seedling raising technology is crucial to improve the effectiveness of afforestation.Through factorial experimental design,the interactive effects of substrate compositions(semi-light substrate P1,light substrate P2,traditional substrate P3)and fertilization strategies(dosage gradients:2,6,10 g·plant^(-1),respectively;frequencies:15,30 d·time^(-1),respectively)on the growth and root development of Castanopsis hystrix container seedlings were systematically explored.The results showed that the type of substrate significantly affected the growth of seedlings.Under the synergistic effect of fertilization concentration of 6 g·plant^(-1)and frequency of 15 d·time^(-1),the seedling height(19.12 cm),ground diameter(0.34 cm),total biomass(3.89 g·plant^(-1))and root activity(0.40μg·g^(-1)·h^(-1))of semi-light substrate P1 were the best,due to its balance of water retention,air permeability,and organic matter supply.The comprehensive score was 1.23,which was higher than that of traditional substrate P3(0.35)under the same fertilization treatment.Fertilization frequency had a regulatory effect on root development.High frequency fertilization(15 d·time-1)significantly promoted main root elongation and lateral root hyperplasia,and the root-shoot ratio decreased,indicating that the“small amounts and multiple times”mode was more suitable for the nutrient absorption rhythm of C.hystrix.The adaptability of substrate and fertilization is the key,and the seedling growth and root development under semi-light substrate+high frequency fertilization are the best.The study suggests that the combination of substrate P1 and the fertilization scheme of 6 g·plant^(-1)+15 d·time^(-1) is the optimal treatment for the efficient cultivation of C.hystrix container seedlings in the southern subtropical region.
作者
黄小媚
Huang Xiaomei(Heyuan State-owned Guishan Forest Farm,Heyuan 517000,China)
出处
《防护林科技》
2025年第5期64-67,共4页
Protection Forest Science and Technology
关键词
基质组成
精准施肥
容器苗
根系活力
综合评分
substrate composition
precision fertilization
container seedlings
root activity
comprehensive score
