摘要
Biochemical oxygen demand(BOD)is crucial for assessing the biodegradability of saline wastewater prior to treatment.However,rapid measuring methods for BOD in saline environments are not yet available.Here,we demonstrated that microbial electrochemical sensors(MESs)could accurately and stably measure BOD in environments with salinity levels of up to 3%,despite the observed inhibition of current densities and bioactivities.We found that the BOD measurement exhibited a linear relationship with the standard five-day BOD,independent of salinity,and its stability was demonstrated over 120 days through shock tests.During a long-term saline operation,an increase in salinity to 3%resulted in a decline in the abundance of the dominant electroactive Geobacter genus in the microbial community from 66%to 19%,and an increase in halotolerant bacteria from 3%to 13%helped mitigate the saline stress.The applicability of MESs was further validated using two actual samples of petrochemical wastewater(~1%of salinity),where the error in BOD measurements decreased from 20%to 4%following salinity acclimation.Our results expanded the application of MESs for measuring BOD in saline environments,providing a powerful tool for water quality monitoring and the regulation of various technologies used in treating industrial wastewater.
基金
financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52450011,52270042 and 52100048)
“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2023C03017)
the fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Tianjin(20JCJQJC00040).
