摘要
江西传统民居大部分为天井式民居或拥有天井结构。天井作为家宅与自然环境互动的场所,具有采光和通风功能,是一进屋宅的中心,屋宅其余厢房都围绕天井进行布局。江西带有天井的民居成型于明代,其基本形态也于这一时期固定下来,并随不同地域发生变化。江西清代民居中的天井进一步演化,各地差异进一步扩大,并出现了如天井院、天门、书院-住宅一体式天井等多种变体。江西传统民居天井既蕴含着中华文化中“天人合一”的人居环境理念,也体现了江西独有的地方特色,即:基于地域环境特征进行适应性演变的生活理念;兼顾理学思想与教化功能的文化观念;尊重传统风水理论的环境认知。
Most traditional residential buildings in Jiangxi are courtyard-style dwellings or feature courtyard structures.The courtyard serves as a space where the residence interacts with the natural environment,providing natural lighting and ventilation,thereby becoming the central point of a one-entry residence,with the surrounding wings arranged around it.Courtyard-style buildings in Jiangxi took shape during the Ming Dynasty,when the basic form of the courtyard was established,though with regional variations.During the Qing Dynasty,courtyards evolved further,with more local distinctions,and more variants emerged,such as courtyard compounds,courtyard gates,and integrated academy-residence courtyards.The courtyards of traditional Jiangxi residential buildings not only embody the concept of“unity of heaven and humanity”in residential environments,but also reflect Jiangxi’s regional characteristics,namely,a lifestyle philosophy adapted to local environmental features,a cultural symbol blending Neo-Confucian ideology and educational functions,and an environmental awareness rooted in respect for traditional feng shui theory.
出处
《鄱阳湖学刊》
2025年第4期95-105,159,共12页
Journal of Poyang Lake
基金
江西省社会科学院一般课题“江西传统民居天井结构的变迁及其人居环境理念研究”(编号:23NDYB06)。
