摘要
目的:探索膀胱癌尿流改道病人围术期症状群构成、类型及动态变化,构建膀胱癌病人围术期症状群干预方案并评价其应用效果。方法:首先采用纵向调查研究方法,使用中文版安德森症状评估量表在病人入院手术期(T1)、术后2~7 d(T2)、术后1个月(T3)对招募的膀胱癌病人进行调查,并在参照相关指南、文献和函询专家的基础上,构建膀胱癌病人围术期症状群干预方案。2022年9月—2023年9月,将武汉市某三级甲等医院120例膀胱癌病人,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上接受膀胱癌症状群干预方案。分别于T1、T2、T3采用中文版安德森症状评估量表、生活质量综合评定问卷、功能状态评分、一般自我效能感量表对病人进行评估。结果:与对照组比较,干预后观察组病人在3个时间点内情绪相关症状群、泌尿道相关症状群、胃肠道相关症状群、能量不足相关症状群、自我形象紊乱症状群,口干-疼痛-疲乏症状群严重程度评分降低(P<0.05);病人生活质量、功能状态、自我效能感均改善(P<0.05)。结论:膀胱癌病人在围术期会面临病情变化及不同主观症状,医护人员可根据病人不同时间段的症状群采取针对性护理干预,有利于减轻病人症状,提升病人的生活质量。
Objective:To explore the composition,types and dynamic changes of perioperative symptom clusters in patients with urinary diversion due to bladder cancer,to construct a perioperative symptom cluster intervention program for patients with bladder cancer,and to evaluate its application effect.M ethods:Firstly,a longitudinal survey was conducted.The Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale(MSAS)was used to investigate the recruited patients with bladder cancer during the admission and surgical period(T1),2-7 days after surgery(T2),and 1 month after surgery(T3).The predictive factors of symptom clusters were explored.On the basis of referring to relevant guidelines,literatures and consulting experts,a perioperative symptom cluster intervention program for patients with bladder cancer was constructed.From September 2022 to September 2023,120 patients with bladder cancer in a tertiary grade A hospital in Wuhan city were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group,60 patients each.The control group received routine nursing care,and the observation group received the nursing intervention program for symptom clusters of bladder cancer on the basis of routine nursing care.The Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale(MSAS),the Generic Quality of Life Inventory(GQOLI),the Functional Status Scale,and the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)were used to evaluate the patients during the admission and surgical period(T1),2-7 days after surgery(T2),and 1 month after surgery(T3),respectively.Results:Compared with the control group,after the intervention,the severity scores of emotion-related symptom clusters,urinary tract-related symptom clusters,gastrointestinal tract-related symptom clusters,and energy deficiency-related symptom clusters in the observation group at the three time points decreased(P<0.05).The quality of life,functional status,and self-efficacy of the patients in the observation group were all improved(P<0.05).Conclusions:Patients with bladder cancer will face changes in their condition and different subjective symptoms during the perioperative period.Medical staff could adopt targeted nursing interventions according to the symptom clusters of patients at different time periods,which is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of symptoms of patients.It could improve the quality of life of patients as well.
作者
李玲
郑红
LI Ling;ZHENG Hong(Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Hubei 430061 China)
出处
《护理研究》
北大核心
2025年第17期2881-2888,共8页
Chinese Nursing Research
关键词
膀胱癌
围术期
症状群
生活质量
不良反应
纵向研究
bladder cancer
perioperative period
symptom cluster
quality of life
adverse reaction
longitudinal study
