摘要
溶瘤病毒作为一类新型治疗药物,通过选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞和诱导系统性抗肿瘤免疫的双重作用机制发挥抗肿瘤效应。溶瘤病毒还可作为外源基因治疗载体,通过基因工程技术将外源治疗基因(如细胞因子、趋化因子、免疫检查点抑制剂等)整合至溶瘤病毒基因组,实现协同重塑免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境、激活全身性抗肿瘤免疫应答、克服肿瘤异质性及免疫逃逸等治疗障碍,从而显著提升溶瘤病毒的抗肿瘤效果。本文就溶瘤病毒的抗肿瘤机制和基因武装策略研究进展进行详细介绍,以期为肿瘤治疗的新突破方向提供参考。
Oncolytic viruses represent a novel class of therapeutic agents that exert antitumor effects through a dual mechanism of action involving selective tumor cell lysis and induction of systemic antitumor immunity.Furthermore,these viruses function as versatile vectors for immunomodulatory payloads.The genetically engineered transgenes(including cytokines,chemokines,and immune checkpoint inhibitors)are engineered to deliver into the oncolytic viral genome to synergistically remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,activate systemic antitumor immune responses,and overcome therapeutic challenges such as tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion,thereby significantly enhancing therapeutic efficacy.This review comprehensively examines the antitumor mechanisms and the genetic arming strategies and clinical advancements of oncolytic virotherapy,highlighting its potential as a groundbreaking approach in cancer treatment.
作者
何亦琳
陈缤烨
李晓鹏
HE Yilin;CHEN Binye;LI Xiaopeng
出处
《中国医药生物技术》
2025年第S2期73-77,共5页
Chinese Medicinal Biotechnology
关键词
溶瘤病毒
外源基因
肿瘤治疗
oncolytic viruses
exogenous therapeutic genes
cancer treatment
