摘要
Organic thermoelectric materials have emerged as compelling candidates for harvesting low‐grade heat in flexible and lightweight energy systems.Compared to conventional inorganic thermoelectric materials,organic ther-moelectric materials offer distinct advantages,including intrinsically low ther-mal conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and compatibility with large‐area and solution‐based processing.While p‐type materials such as poly(3,4‐ethyl-enedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)have been exten-sively optimized through solvent treatments and de‐doping strategies,recent advances in air‐stable n‐type polymers such as poly(benzodifurandione)(PBFDO)have greatly narrowed the performance gap and made it feasible to construct fully organic thermoelectric modules.This review highlights recent progress in organic thermoelectric materials with a focus on molecular design,doping mechanisms,and device‐level integration.We examine how novel polymers,dopant formulations,and emerging concepts have been driving improvements in the performance of organic thermoelectric materials toward practical application.Our group's previous contributions to module design such as thermal lamination techniques and integrated circuits are presented as case studies of system‐level implementation.Despite their relatively modest power factors and thermoelectric figures of merit,organic thermoelectric materials possess unique advantages in terms of low weight,processability,and scal-ability that make them especially suited for gram‐scale modules and powering small‐scale electronic devices and Internet‐of‐Things systems using ambient thermal energy.
基金
Japan Science and Technology Agency,Grant/Award Number:JPMJTR23R6。
