摘要
【目的】探明辣椒种质资源遗传多样性,为筛选优良的辣椒核心种质资源和辣椒品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】以285份辣椒种质为材料,选用89对KASP-SNP分子标记,用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)标记对辣椒种质资源进行多态性分析。【结果】用89对KASP-SNP分子标记筛选出64个多态性较高的单核苷酸多态性标记(SNP),共检测到128个等位基因,主要等位基因频率为0.5018~0.9701,平均值0.7296;多态性信息值(PIC)为0.0563~0.3749,平均值0.2815,表明285份辣椒种质具有中等遗传多样性。通过UPGMA聚类分析可将285份辣椒种质分为3个类群,各类群在果实形态、颜色和植株特性上差异明显,聚类结果与表型特征一致。群体结构分析表明,74.04%的材料遗传背景简单(Q≥0.60),适合稳定育种;25.96%的材料遗传背景复杂,具有较大潜力用于杂交育种,以扩展遗传基础。【结论】285份辣椒种质具有丰富的遗传多样性,采用KASP技术可有效鉴定辣椒种质资源在基因组水平的遗传关系和结构特征,有助于提高亲本选择利用率和育种进程。
【Objective】The genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resource was explored to provide theoretical basis for screening excellent core germplasm resources and breeding pepper variety.【Method】A total of 285 pepper germplasm were utilized as research materials.89 pairs of KASP-SNP molecular markers were screened,and competitive allele specific PCR(KASP)markers were used to analyze the polymorphism of pepper germplasm resources.【Result】64 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)with higher polymorphsim were screened out using 89 pairs of KASP-SNP molecular markers.A total of 128 alleles were detected,as the frequency of main alleles ranged from 0.5018 to 0.9701,with the average value of 0.7296.The polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.0563 to 0.3749,with an average value of 0.2815,indicating moderate genetic diversity among 285 germplasm resources.UPGMA clustering analysis classified the 285 pepper germplasm resources into three groups,with different groups showing significant differences in fruit morphology,color and plant characteristics.The clustering results were consistent with phenotypic traits.Population structure analysis revealed that 74.04%of the germplasm had a simple genetic background(Q≥0.60),making them suitable for stable breeding,while 25.96%exhibited a complex genetic background,demonstrating great potential for hybrid breeding and genetic base expansion.【Conclusion】285 pepper germplasm exhibit rich genetic diversity.The application of KASP technology can effectively identify the genetic relationship and structure characteristics,which is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of parental selection and the breeding process.
作者
宋拉拉
朱文超
白立伟
苏丹
彭泽
廖芳芳
胡明文
SONG Laa;ZHU Wenchao;BAI Liwei;SU Dan;PENG Ze;LIAO Fangfang;HU Mingwen(Guizhou Institute of Pepper,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
2025年第8期19-30,共12页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省基础研究(自然科学)项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般549)
贵州省农业科学院喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室/贵州省农业生物技术重点实验室课题(黔农科开放基金[2024]02号)
喀斯特山区特色作物生物育种创新能力建设项目(黔科合服企[2024]003-1)
2023年省辣椒专班科技支撑项目(品目五)。
