摘要
为深入揭示抗生素与植物对生态浮床净化效果的影响,通过植物物种选择与配置实现对废水中氮、磷及抗生素等污染物的高效同步去除,本研究以无植物浮床为对照,以养殖废水中常见的磺胺类抗生素磺胺甲恶唑(Sulfamethoxazole,SMX)为供试抗生素,选用常用浮床植物旱伞草(Cyperus alternifolius)与新型植物翠芦莉(Ruellia brittoniana Leonard)构建单一及组合植物浮床,研究不同浮床在有无抗生素胁迫下对水体氮、磷等污染物的净化效果。结果表明:处理无抗生素水体时,各浮床对水体总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、总磷(TP)和化学需氧量(COD)的去除率分别为48.1%~66.3%、60.7%~88.2%、49.1%~57.3%和65.4%~72.8%;处理含抗生素水体时,各浮床对水体TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TP和COD的去除率分别为42.6%~55.1%、53.7%~68.5%、39.0%~42.3%和61.0%~71.0%。在抗生素胁迫下浮床对水体氮、磷和COD的去除率均下降。双因素方差分析表明,抗生素和植物种类显著影响浮床水体pH值、溶解氧(DO)浓度及TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP的去除率(P<0.05)。不同浮床对水体SMX的去除率为60.4%~92.2%,植物显著提升了浮床对水体中SMX的去除效果(P<0.05)。植物组合较单一植物对氮、磷、COD和SMX的去除具有一定的潜在优势。植物类型和抗生素显著影响水体中氮磷转化基因丰度(P<0.05),植物和抗生素通过调控浮床水体氮磷转化功能基因进而影响净化效果。研究表明,抗生素是影响生态浮床水质净化效果的重要因素,通过植物的选择与配置优化生态浮床结构可有效提升其对水体中氮、磷及抗生素等多污染物组分的同步去除效果。
To elaborate the impacts of antibiotics and plant on ecological floating beds(EFBs)can effectively contribute to the synchronous removal of nitrogen,phosphorus,and antibiotics in the polluted water by plant selection and configuration.In this study,using the floating bed without plants as a control,the popular plant Cyperus alternifolius and the new plant Ruellia brittoniana Leonard were selected to construct EFBs vegetated with single plant species or combination of the two plant species.A sulfonamide-sulfamethoxazole(SMX)commonly used in aquaculture wastewater was added into the synthetic wastewater to investigate the purification performance of different EFBs on pollutants removal under antibiotic stress.The results showed that the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen(TN),NH_(4)^(+)-N,total phosphorus(TP),and chemical oxygen demand(COD)were 48.1%-66.3%,60.7%-88.2%,49.1%-57.3%,and 65.4%-72.8%,respectively,when treating wastewater without SMX.While under the stress of SMX,the removal efficiencies of TN,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TP,and COD were 42.6%-55.1%,53.7%-68.5%,39.0%-42.3%and 61.0%-71.0%,respectively.SMX decreased the removal rates of N,P,and COD.The results of two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that antibiotics and plant species significantly affected the pH,dissolved oxygen(DO)concentration and the removal efficiencies of TN,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP in the EFBs(P<0.05).The removal rate of SMX in different EFBs ranged from 60.4%to 92.2%,and the plants significantly improved the removal rate of SMX(P<0.05).Plant combinations have potential advantages on the removal of N,P,COD,and SMX.Plant species and SMX significantly affected the abundance of the functional genes related to N and P removal in water(P<0.05),which finally influenced the purification performance of EFBs.In summary,antibiotics are an important factor affecting the water purification performance of EFBs,and the synchronous removal efficiency of N,P,and antibiotics in polluted water can be effectively enhanced by optimizing the EFBs structure through plant selection and configuration.
作者
蔡敏
崔娜欣
庞思
张旭
陈桂发
周丽
邹国燕
CAI Min;CUI Naxin;PANG Si;ZHANG Xu;CHEN Guifa;ZHOU Li;ZOU Guoyan(Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Agriculture(SERCLA),Shanghai 201415,China;Shanghai Kelite Agricultural Science(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201106,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1813-1824,共12页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201503-02)
上海市农业科技创新项目(沪农科I2023008)
长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0304)
上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划项目(沪农科卓2022-023)。
关键词
生态浮床
植物选择与配置
磺胺甲恶唑
净化效果
功能基因
ecological floating beds(EFBs)
plant selection and configuration
sulfamethoxazole
purification performance
functional genes
