摘要
目前数字传销犯罪的主要特征难以与组织、领导传销活动罪的商品表征要件、层级结构要件、下线扩增要件、欺骗要件实现有效对应,呈现出犯罪特征与抽象构成要件表述的显著偏离。对数字传销犯罪的单方刑事治理面临成文法滞后、治理能力不足、阻碍产业发展、手段包容性差等缺陷。基于对适应性治理中决策动态化与协同治理的提倡,一方面应解构组织、领导传销活动罪,增设传销诈骗罪以规制强欺骗属性的传销犯罪,以非法经营罪规制无、弱欺骗属性的传销犯罪,延续并优化刑事治理;另一方面应新增《反传销欺诈法》,对行刑动态衔接以及超大平台与社会公众协同治理作出专门规定,开展预防性立法,以实现传销综合治理补强。
legal provisions defining the crime of organizing and leading pyramid schemes,particularly in their inability to effectively correspond to the essential legal elements,including the commodity representation requirement,hierarchical structure requirement,downline expansion requirement,and deception requirement.The exclusive reliance on criminal law to regulate digital pyramid scheme crimes faces multiple challenges,such as legislative lag in statutory law,insufficient enforcement capacity,constraints on industry development,and a lack of adaptable regulatory measures.From the perspective of adaptive governance,which emphasizes dynamic decision-making and collaborative regulation,a two-pronged approach is proposed.First,the legal framework of the crime of organizing and leading pyramid schemes should be restructured:a new offense of Pyramid Scheme Fraud Prevention Law could be introduced to address pyramid schemes with strong deceptive elements,while those with little or no deception could be regulated under the crime of illegal business operations,thereby refining and enhancing the effectiveness of criminal enforcement.Second,a Pyramid Scheme Fraud Prevention Law should be enacted to establish specialized provisions for the dynamic coordination between administrative and criminal enforcement,as well as for collaborative governance mechanisms involving large-scale digital platforms and the general public.This preventive legislative measure would serve to strengthen the comprehensive regulatory framework for pyramid scheme crimes.
作者
印波
杨子衿
YIN Bo;YANG Zi-jin
出处
《河北学刊》
北大核心
2025年第5期181-191,共11页
Hebei Academic Journal
基金
2024年度中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“中国式犯罪治理现代化视野下的新犯罪学理论体系研究”(24CXTD02)。
关键词
数字传销犯罪
传销层级
适应性治理
综合治理
《反传销欺诈法》
digital pyramid scheme crimes
pyramid scheme hierarchy
adaptive governance
comprehensive regulatory framework
Pyramid Scheme Fraud Prevention Law
