摘要
云研77-4橡胶树为速生、抗寒三倍体无性系橡胶树品种,在常规割胶夏秋季节的较高气温下容易出现排胶不畅的问题。以10龄和19龄云研77-4橡胶树为对象,采取乙烯利刺激割胶和不刺激割胶两种方式,研究冬旱季(9月至次年4月)割胶胶乳成分和生胶性能,并与常规季节割胶胶乳和生胶对比。结果表明:冬旱季割胶胶乳的干胶含量随割胶时间变化先减小后增大,胶乳的氮和锰含量、生胶的灰分含量先增大后减小;乙烯利刺激割胶会减小胶乳的干胶含量、生胶的塑性初值(P0)和门尼粘度,增大胶乳的氮和铜含量;橡胶树龄对胶乳成分和生胶性能的影响大于乙烯利刺激,19龄橡胶树胶乳的干胶含量、生胶的P0及门尼粘度大于10龄橡胶树,且19龄橡胶树冬旱季割胶胶乳成分和生胶性能变化幅度较小。对于在较高温度下容易出现排胶障碍的抗寒三倍体无性系橡胶树品种,冬旱季割胶可能会成为一种新的割胶方法。
Yunyan 77-4 is a fast-growing,cold-resistant triploid clonal rubber tree variety that often experiences latex flow difficulties during the regular summer and autumn tapping seasons under high temperatures.In this study,10-and 19-year-old Yunyan 77-4 rubber trees were selected as research subjects,and two tapping methods—ethephon-stimulation and non-stimulation tapping—were employed to investigate the compositions of latex and the properties of raw rubber during the winter and dry seasons(September to April of the following year).Comparisons were also made with latex and raw rubber obtained during the regular tapping seasons.The results showed that,the dry rubber content of latex tapped during the winter and dry seasons decreased first and then increased over the tapping period,while the nitrogen and manganese contents of latex and the ash content of raw rubber increased first and then decreased.Ethephon stimulation tapping could reduce the dry rubber content of latex,the initial plasticity value(P0)and Mooney viscosity of raw rubber,but increase the nitrogen and copper contents of latex.The effect of tree age on the compositions of latex and the properties of raw rubber was greater than that of ethephon stimulation.The dry rubber content of latex and P0 and Mooney viscosity of raw rubber from 19-year-old trees were greater than those from 10-year-old trees,and the compositions of latex and the properties of raw rubber from 19-year-old rubber trees tapped during the winter and dry seasons changed less.For cold-resistant triploid clonal rubber tree variety that are prone to exhibit latex flow issues under higher temperatures,tapping during the winter and dry seasons may become a new tapping method.
作者
张桂梅
徐应广
祁龙
孔震
杨耀文
杨春霞
李明谦
ZHANG Guimei;XU Yingguang;QI Long;KONG Zhen;YANG Yaowen;YANG Chunxia;LI Mingqian(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree/Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China;Hainan Academy of Inspection and Testing,Haikou 570100,China;Meteorological Bureau of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province,Jinghong 666100,China)
出处
《橡胶工业》
2025年第9期666-672,共7页
China Rubber Industry
基金
云南省现代农业橡胶产业技术体系建设专项(2022KJTX008)
云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设项目(RF2022)
云南省乡村振兴科技专项(202204BP090028)。
关键词
云研77-4橡胶树
冬旱季割胶
胶乳成分
生胶性能
Yunyan 77-4 rubber tree
winter and dry season tapping
composition of latex
property of raw rubber
