摘要
在北京架设GNSS接收机和天线,接收GNSS系统的秒级信号,利用软件进行数据质量检查,基于北斗导航卫星B2b信号发布的精密单点定位精密星历,开展了基于精密单点定位的北斗、单GPS和二者融合的实时对流层延迟和大气可降水量的反演试验,对比了相应的北斗和GPS双差网解、无线电探空仪和ERA5的对流层延迟和大气可降水量。结果显示:GNSS信号的平均信噪比大于35,多路径效应优于0.5 m,能够进行有效的GNSS观测和反演。总体上几种解算方法一致,与双差网解相比,基于北斗精密单点定位的大气对流层延迟反演平均偏差为4.5 mm,均方根误差为9.94 mm,相关系数为90%;对应解算的大气可降水量平均偏差为0.35 mm,均方根误差为1.33 mm,相关系数为96%。与无线电探空仪相比,大气对流层延迟反演平均偏差为5.83 mm,均方根误差为7.38 mm,相关系数为95.07%。对应解算的大气可降水量平均偏差为1.03 mm,均方根误差为1.72 mm,相关系数为94.45%。表明基于BDS反演的天顶总延迟、大气可降水量反演技术使得单系统、单点解算成为可能,该方法采用分布式计算策略,避免了以往台站端需要将解算数据回传至中心站的带宽和存储压力,提升了水汽解算的实时性,能表征水汽的变化趋势,对关于水汽的天气现象和气象灾害监测预警都有重要的意义。
GNSS receivers and antennas are set up in Beijing to receive the second-level signals of the GNSS system.Data quality checks are conducted using software.Leveraging precise ephemeris data from the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)B2b signal,real-time zenith total delay(ZTD)and precipitable water vapour(PWV)retrieval experiments are conducted using BDS Precise Point Positioning(PPP)techniques,single GPS,and their integrated solutions.These results are systematically compared against ZTD/PWV estimates derived from BDS/GPS dual-difference network solutions,radiosonde observations,and ERA5 reanalysis datasets.The results show that the average signal-to-noise ratio of the GNSS signal is greater than 35,and the multipath effect is better than 0.5 m,ensuring robust observational conditions for inversion modelling.Compared with the double-difference network solution,the average deviation of the tropospheric delay inversion based on BeiDou precise point positioning is 4.5 mm,the root mean square error is 9.94 mm,and the correlation coefficient is 90%.The corresponding PWV inversion average deviation is 0.35 mm,the root mean square error is 1.33 mm,and the correlation coefficient is 96%.Compared with radiosonde,the average deviation of the tropospheric delay inversion is 5.83 mm,the RMSE is 7.38 mm,and the correlation coefficient is 95.07%.The corresponding PWV inversion average deviation is 1.03 mm,the root mean square error is 1.72 mm,and the correlation coefficient is 94.45%.This indicates that the ZTD/PWV inversion technology derived from BDS makes single-system and single-point solutions possible.This method adopts a distributed computing strategy,avoiding the bandwidth and storage pressure of returning the solution data to the central station at the station end in the past,improving the real-time performance of water vapour solutions,and can represent the trend of water vapour change.It is of great significance for the monitoring and early warning of weather phenomena and meteorological disasters related to water vapour.
作者
陶伟
曹云昌
成振华
赵盼盼
梁宏
王乙竹
梁静舒
TAO Wei;CAO Yunchang;CHENG Zhenhua;ZHAO Panpan;LIANG Hong;WANG Yizhu;LIANG Jingshu(Guangxi Meteorological Technology and Equipment Center,Nanning 530000;Meteorological Obdrservation Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081)
出处
《气象科技》
2025年第4期479-487,共9页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
中国气象局气象探测中心观测试验计划项目(GCSYJH13-04)
广西科技厅重点研发计划基于星地协同遥感的强对流天气智能监测预警关键技术研究与应用(2024AB24097)
北部湾大气水分循环综合观测试验项目(BEIGAWEX2023to2028)
广西气象局指令性项目广西“天衡天衍”系统本地化研究(桂气科2024ZL04)资助。
关键词
总对流层延迟
大气可降水量
精密单点定位
无线电探空
zenith tropospheric delay
precipitable water vapour
precise single-point positioning
radiosonde
