摘要
垃圾焚烧发电厂是解决城乡垃圾污染的环保基础设施,垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸是近年来伴随着我国城市化和乡村振兴进程,因垃圾焚烧发电厂陆续建设而出现的能源与环保设施安全问题。通过研究2013-2023年全国垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸事故数据,分析垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸事故特征,发现新兴的垃圾焚烧发电厂因其特殊的燃料和工艺与传统火力发电厂的本质不同,导致垃圾焚烧发电厂物理爆炸只是个例,主要还是以渗沥液产生的爆炸性危险气体引发的化学爆炸为主,这是防控垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸的重点方向,揭示其化学爆炸具有发生部位(设备)反复、发生环节趋同、人员安全认知缺乏等共性特征,并提出预防垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸事故对策,要建立不同于传统火力发电厂的,符合垃圾焚烧发电厂危险特征的,独立的管理标准体系和技术体系。研究成果为防治垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸提供了新思路。
Waste incineration power plant is an environmental protection infrastructure to solve the problem of urban and rural garbage pollution.The explosion of waste incineration power plant is a safety problem of energy and environmental protection facilities caused by the construction of waste incineration power plant in recent years with the process of urbanization and rural revitalization in China.By studying the explosion accident data of waste incineration power plants in China from 2013 to 2023,the characteristics of explosion accidents in waste incineration power plants are analyzed.It is found that the emerging waste incineration power plants are different from the traditional thermal power plants because of their special fuels and processes.The physical explosion of waste incineration power plants is only an example,mainly chemical explosion caused by explosive dangerous gases produced by leachate,which is the key direction to prevent and control the explosion of waste incineration power plants.It is revealed that the chemical explosion has the common characteristics of repeated parts(equipment),convergence of occurrence links and lack of personnel safety awareness.And put forward the countermeasures to prevent the explosion accident of waste incineration power plant.It is necessary to establish an independent management standard system and technical system which is different from the traditional thermal power plant and conforms to the dangerous characteristics of waste incineration power plant.The research results provide a new idea for the scientific prevention and control of explosion in waste incineration power plants.
作者
田儒彰
刘宏宇
代兴配
TIAN Ruzhang;LIU Hongyu;DAI Xingpei(Qiandongnan Special Equipment Inspection Institute,Kaili 556011,China;Guizhou Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute,Guiyang 550016,China)
出处
《电工技术》
2025年第S1期321-324,共4页
Electric Engineering
基金
黔东南州科技局基础研究项目“生活垃圾焚烧发电厂爆炸危险环境与机电类特种设备危险耦合研究”(编号黔东南科合基础[2023]12号)。
关键词
垃圾焚烧发电厂
渗沥液
爆炸
统计分析
安全
waste incineration power plant
leachate
explosion
statistical analysis
safety
