摘要
为筛选观赏桃优良父本材料,以14份观赏桃种质为试验材料,利用扫描电镜观察花药结构,测定花粉量、花粉萌发率及花药数量等3个生物学指标,采用方差分析、多重比较、相关性分析和聚类分析等方法,对14份观赏桃种质进行分类比较。结果表明,除‘嫣粉婉儿’外,其他观赏桃种质花药均形状饱满,‘嫣粉婉儿’花药外形干瘪萎缩,呈现典型败育特征。14份种质花粉量、花粉萌发率及花药数量之间均存在显著差异。花粉量与花粉萌发率显著正相关,花粉量、花粉萌发率与花药数量之间呈弱相关性。根据聚类分析结果,将14份种质分为5个类别。‘人面’‘粉龙柱’‘白花碧桃’‘银春’‘晚人面’‘重瓣红垂枝’和‘五宝桃’等7份观赏桃种质在生产中可作为优良父本材料;‘嫣红菊花’‘重瓣白垂枝’‘白龙柱’‘画春寿星’‘嫣菊皓月’和‘黄金美丽’等6份种质作父本时,可通过多次授粉来增加授粉的成功率;‘嫣粉婉儿’为雄蕊败育种质。
In order to select excellent male parents in the production of ornamental Prunus persica,fourteen ornamental Prunus persica germplasm samples were used as experimental materials and the anther structure was observed using scanning electron microscopy.Three biological indicators,including pollen quantity,pollen germination rate and anther amount were measured.Variance analysis,multiple comparisons,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis were used to classify and compare the 14 germplasms.The tesults showed that,except for Yanfenwan'er,the anthers of other ornamental Prunus persica germplasms were plump in shape,while Yanfenwan'er anthers had a dry and withered appearance,exhibiting typical characteristics of sterility.There were significant differences in pollen quantity,pollen germination rate,and number of anthers among the 14 germplasm samples.There was a significant positive correlation between pollen quantity and pollen germination rate,while there was a weak correlation between pollen quantity,pollen germination rate,and the number of anthers.According to the clustering analysis results,the 14 germplasm samples were divided into 5 categories.7 germplasms ornamental Prunus persica,including'Renmian','Fenlongzhu','Baihuabitao','Yinchun','Wanrenmian','Chongbanhongchuizhi',and'Wubao peach',could be used as excellent male parent materials in production.When using six germplasms,including'Yanhong Chrysanthemum','Chongbanbaichuizhi','White Dragon Pillar','Huachun Shouxing','Yanju Haoyue',and'Huangjinmeili'as male parents,multiple pollination could increase the success rate of pollination.'Yanfenwan'er was a stamen failure breeding germplasm.
作者
焦雪辉
乔雨轩
岳长平
周小娟
申潇潇
史喜兵
JIAO Xuehui;QIAO Yuxuan;YUE Changping;ZHOU Xiaojuan;SHEN Xiaoxiao;SHI Xibing(Zhengzhou Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450005,China;Yanling Donghua Planting Farmers'Professional Cooperative,Yanling Henan 461224,China)
出处
《种子》
北大核心
2025年第7期126-133,169,共9页
Seed
基金
中原学者工作站项目“优良观赏桃花新品种培育、示范与推广”(234400510013)
2024年度河南省林业局科技兴林项目“观赏桃新品种选育及杂交育种关键技术创新与应用”(YLK202410)
2024年度河南省乡村振兴科技计划项目“观赏桃新品种及盆栽技术产业化示范推广”。
关键词
观赏桃
花粉量
花粉萌发率
花药数量
聚类分析
ornamental Prunus persica
pollen quantity
pollen germination rate
anther number
cluster analysis
