摘要
采用木材解剖学方法识别树种,偏光显微技术分析降解情况,酸水解和衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR FT-IR)表征木材细胞壁化学组分变化,最后利用FT-IR光谱结合化学计量学的方法判别考古木材样本类别。考古木材样本共鉴定出2个树种,分别为针叶材马尾松(Pinus massoniana)和阔叶材樟木(Camphora officinarum)。研究结果表明:重度降解木材细胞次生壁(SW)失去双折射现象,纤维素晶体降解严重,糖分残余量极低,木质素质量分数超过75%。马尾松和樟木的FT-IR光谱峰位、峰形差异显著,主要表现为愈创木基(G)型和紫丁香基(S)型木质素的吸收差异。稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析(sPLS-DA)可有效区分重度降解针叶材和阔叶材,且判别结果优于主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)。
Wood anatomical method was used to identify the tree species,the polarization microscopy technique was adopted to analyze the degradation state,and the acid hydrolysis and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR FT-IR)were applied to characterize the changes in chemical composition of the wood cell wall.Finally,the FT-IR spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods was employed to discriminate archaeological sample categories.Two tree species were identified from archaeological samples:the softwood species Pinus massoniana and the hardwood species Camphora officinarum.The results showed that in heavily degraded wood,the secondary wall(SW)of wood cells lost birefringence,the cellulose crystals underwent significant degradation,the extremely low residual sugar content was detected,while the relative lignin content exceeding 75%.The FT-IR spectra of P.massoniana and C.officinarum showed significant differences in peak position and shape,primarily attributing to variations in the absorption of guaiacyl(G)-type and syringyl(S)-type lignin.Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis(sPLS-DA)could effectively distinguish severely degraded softwood and hardwood samples with better discrimination results than principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).
作者
李仁
殷亚方
焦立超
孙满利
铁付德
张治国
LI Ren;YIN Yafang;JIAO Lichao;SUN Manli;TIE Fude;ZHANG Zhiguo(School of Culture Heritage,Northwest University/China-Central Asia“the Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research/Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation,Xi'an 710127,China;Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Wood Specimen Resource Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;National Center for Archaeology,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《林产化学与工业》
北大核心
2025年第4期35-42,共8页
Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products
基金
中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2022M722575)
西北大学考古学科“繁荣计划”开放课题(363022201019)。
