摘要
氢能作为连接可再生能源与终端脱碳应用的核心媒介,电氢融合化发展成为破解新能源消纳难题、实现“双碳”目标的关键路径。本文探究了电氢融合的业务模式及经济效益,提出考虑氢能多元利用及生产低碳—经济协同优化运行模型。首先,针对绿氢—蓝氢—灰氢多元化生产框架,分析其主要的业务模型与盈利模式,提出相应绿氢、蓝氢、灰氢模型。其次,考虑氢能多元化利用框架,提出燃料电池、储氢罐、氢制甲醇、氢制氨等环节模型;以最大化收益为目标,构建计及多维设备成本、能源成本、多维产品收益的氢能多元利用与生产低碳—经济协同运行模型。最后,利用仿真算例表明:考虑氢能多元利用及生产低碳—经济协同运行模式,能有效降低碳排放,提高综合收益。因此,应强化氢能多元化生产与消纳的政策激励,统筹电氢融合基础设施布局,推动氢能低碳化与经济性协同。
Hydrogen energy,as a key medium connecting renewable energy with end-use decarbonization applications,has become a crucial pathway to address the challenges of renewable energy integration and to achieve the"dual carbon"goals.This paper explores the business models and economic benefits of power-to-hydrogen integration,and proposes a coordinated low-carbon and economic operation model that considers diversified hydrogen utilization and production.First,under a diversified hydrogen production framework encompassing green hydrogen,blue hydrogen,and grey hydrogen,the main business models and profit mechanisms are analyzed,and corresponding models for green,blue,and grey hydrogen are established.Second,considering a diversified hydrogen utilization framework,models are developed for fuel cells,hydrogen storage tanks,hydrogen-to-methanol,and hydrogen-to-ammonia processes.A coordinated optimization model for diversified hydrogen utilization and low-carbonO economic hydrogen production is then constructed,aiming to maximize total profit while accounting for multi-dimensional equipment costs,energy costs,and product revenues.Finally,simulation results demonstrate that incorporating diversified hydrogen utilization and a coordinated low-carbon economic production model can effectively reduce carbon emissions and enhance overall profitability.Therefore,it is recommended to strengthen policy incentives for diversifed hydrogen production and consumption,coordinate infrastructure planning for power-to-hydrogen integration,and promote the synergy between low-carbon development and economic viability of hydrogen energy.
作者
窦真兰
张春雁
韩冬
李中豪
DOU Zhenlan;ZHANG Chunyan;HAN Dong;LI Zhonghao(State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company,Shanghai 200540)
出处
《价格理论与实践》
北大核心
2025年第5期114-120,共7页
Price:Theory & Practice
基金
国家电网有限公司科技项目资助“兆瓦级电氢融合能源枢纽灵活高效运行及主动支撑关键技术研究与示范”(SGAHDK00YJJS2200431)。
关键词
电氢融合能源枢纽
氢能多元生产
氢能多元利用
低碳运行
electricity-hydrogen integrated energy hub
diversified hydrogen energy production
diversified utilization of hydrogen energy
low-carbon operation
