摘要
针对高速无刷直流电机控制中三相绕组参数不对称导致的换相误差以及换相点附近电感压降难以估测而导致的换相延迟问题,该文提出了一种基于改进线反电动势检测的非理想换相的校正策略。通过分析非理想电机参数不对称对线电压的影响,提出水平方向上电角度偏移可作为竖直方向上的电压偏移的参考量,并结合线反电动势交点间隔解算出每相的电角度偏移,通过PI算法恢复真实的线反电动势。同时,考虑了电感压降和电流噪声对线反电动势的影响,通过线性回归方程预测换向点附近的线反电动势,以实现准确换相。该方案可以有效地解决非理想电机的初始参数不对称问题,能一定程度地抵抗电机运行中参数扰动的影响。实验结果表明,该方法能在不同转速下将位置误差降低至±0.2个电角度,同时降低了电流峰峰值约10%。
When the brushless DC motor non-inductive control system operates at high speed or with a high current and heavy load,if there is a non-ideal parameter error or if it is disturbed by an extreme environment,voltage deviation may occur,leading to serious commutation error or even out-of-step.Problems such as three-phase winding wiring,rotor eccentricity,or winding faults can cause parameter asymmetry in motors,especially for high-speed brushless DC motors with low resistance and low inductance,which are very sensitive to parameters during operation.This study proposes a correction strategy for non-ideal commutation based on improved line-back electromotive force detection.First,by analyzing the impact of non-ideal motor parameter asymmetry on line voltage,the electrical angle offset in the horizontal direction can be used as a reference for the voltage offset in the vertical direction.Secondly,the electrical angle deviation is exposed in the commutation interval,but the commutation is uncertain,and the commutation interval cannot be directly used as an indicator.Therefore,the line back electromotive force intersection interval is used to solve the electrical angle offset of each phase,and each electrical angle deviation can be solved six times within one electrical angle cycle.Finally,the voltage value output by PI restores the line-back electromotive force so that the electrical angle deviation converges to zero.At the same time,the scheme considers the impact of inductance voltage drop and current noise on the line back electromotive force.The motor line back electromotive force is not a standard ladder.Thus,a data-fitting method is proposed.The area with a small local current change rate is selected for linear fitting.The linear regression equation predicts the line-back electromotive force near the commutation point to achieve accurate commutation.Experimental results show that this method can reduce the position error to±0.2 electrical angles at different rotational speeds,effectively smooth the torque fluctuations caused by parameter asymmetry,and reduce the peak-to-peak current by about 10%.This method avoids the commutation delay caused by the inherent inductance voltage of the traditional line-back electromotive force and the commutation error caused by parameter asymmetry.Its stator winding impedance changes have less impact on the identification accuracy of the rotor position.Moreover,this solution significantly improves the motor commutation accuracy and increases the upper limit of operating speed,broadening the application scenarios of speed sensorless ultra-high-speed brushless DC motors.
作者
余岳
马滔
李诚
黄建军
Yu Yue;Ma Tao;Li Cheng;Huang Jianjun(College of Railway Transportation Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007 China;Jianglu Machinery and Electronics Group Co.Ltd,Xiangtan 411100 China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
北大核心
2025年第16期5294-5305,共12页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ50082)。
