摘要
银沟遗址,地处陕西省渭南市富平县,近年在其区域,出土了一大批种类各异的瓷器标本、素胎和窑具等。其中的青白瓷残片,釉面细腻晶莹,釉色青白洁净,胎体致密,堪比美玉,吸引了古陶瓷研究者与考古学家的高度关注,尤其对其来源问题引起了激烈争议。为进一步探寻银沟遗址青白瓷的来源,本课题组与陕西省文物勘探公司、中国轻工业陶瓷研究所合作,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)、超景深光学显微镜(OM)、能量色散型X射线荧光光谱仪(EDXRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和显微共聚焦拉曼光谱仪(Raman)等技术,对银沟遗址出土青白瓷和湖田窑青白瓷进行对比研究。探讨了银沟遗址青白瓷和湖田窑青白瓷的胎釉组成与结构特征,分析了胎与原料样品中稀土元素分布和具有地球化学作用的元素比值,初步得出银沟出土青白瓷有可能为景德镇所产的结论;而银沟遗址和湖田窑青白瓷外观质量上的差别,则可能是由于烧成工艺变化或主量组成上的一些差别所致。研究结果揭示出,景德镇青白瓷的烧制与成熟年代可能上溯北宋甚至五代时期,而堪与银沟青白瓷比肩的景德镇青白瓷遗迹遗物,以及银沟遗址的属性问题,还有待考古工作的继续探索与研究。
The Yingou archaeological site is located in Fuping County,Weinan City,Shaanxi Province.In recent years,a large number of porcelain specimens,plain bodies,kiln furniture,etc.,of various types have been excavated in the area.including refined Qingbai shards characterized by their jade-like translucency,dense body,and pristine bluish-white glaze,sparking intense academic debate regarding their provenance.Among them,the fragments of bluish and white porcelain have delicate,sparkling,and translucent glaze surface;clean blue and white glaze colors,dense bodies;and characteristics comparable to precious jade.They have attracted significant attention from ancient ceramic scholars and archaeologists,sparking controversy over their source.To further explore the origin of bluish and white porcelain from the Yingou archaeological site,our research group has collaborated with the Shaanxi Cultural Relics Exploration Company and the Ceramic Research Institute of Light Industry of China.A comparative study was conducted on the bluish and white porcelain excavated from the Yingou archaeological site and Hutian kiln by using techniques such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),ultra-deep field optical microscope(OM),energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(EDXRF),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),and micro-Raman spectrometer(Raman).This study explored the composition and structural characteristics of the body and glaze of bluish and white porcelain and analyzed the distribution of rare earth elements and the ratio of elements with geochemical effects in the body and raw material samples.It was preliminarily concluded that the bluish and white porcelain excavated from the Yingou archaeological site could have originated from Jingdezhen.The difference in appearance between the Yingou archaeological site and Hutian kiln bluish and white porcelain could be due to changes in firing techniques.The research results reveal that the firing and maturation period of Jingdezhen bluish and white porcelain could be traced back to the Northern Song Dynasty or even the Five Dynasties period.However,definitive conclusions regarding the exact relationship between Yingou and Hutian kiln porcelains,as well as the nature of the Yingou site itself,require further exploration and archaeological investigation.
作者
马草原
王芬
朱建锋
罗宏杰
王德义
李川
王甜
罗晨琛
MA Caoyuan;WANG Fen;ZHU Jianfeng;LUO HongJie;WANG Deyi;LI Chuan;WANG Tian;LUO Chenchen(School of Conservation Science&Technology for Cultural Heritage,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Basic Science Research Institute for Cultural Heritage Protection,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shaanxi Cultural Relics Exploration Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710003,China;Ceramic Research Institute of Light Industry of China,Jingdezhen 333000,China)
出处
《中国陶瓷》
北大核心
2025年第8期50-60,共11页
China Ceramics
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(52272019)
国家社会科学基金艺术学重点项目(23AH018)。
关键词
银沟遗址
景德镇湖田窑
青白瓷
组成与结构
地源分析
Yingou archaeological site
Jingdezhen Hutian kiln
Bluish and white Porcelain
Composition and structure
Provenance analysis
