摘要
随着全球气候变暖日益严重,持续高温和极端热胁迫已经成为全球玉米产量下降的重要影响因素之一,筛选与培育耐热玉米新品种可以直接有效地降低玉米热害对产量造成的影响。首先,建立经济高效的玉米耐热鉴定与评价指标体系是玉米耐热品种培育的先决条件,更是耐热育种的前提;其次,发掘耐热性基因,解析玉米对热胁迫反应的分子机制,辅助和推进玉米种质的精准定向改良;最后,应用分子设计育种手段培育耐热高产适应性品种。本文综述持续高温及高热胁迫对玉米的危害、耐热鉴定主要评价指标体系与耐热种质资源、玉米耐热性基因发掘与分子遗传研究进展等多方面的研究,为玉米耐热性研究提供参考。
With the increasingly serious global warming,continuous high temperature and extreme heat stress have become one of the important factors contributing to the decline in global maize yield.Screening and breeding new varieties of heat tolerant maize can directly and effectively reduce the influence of maize heat damage on yield.Firstly,the establishment of an economical and efficient index system for the identification and evaluation of maize heat tolerance is the prerequisite for the breeding of maize heat tolerance varieties,and it is also the prerequisite for heat tolerance breeding.Secondly,to explore heat tolerance genes,analyze the molecular mechanism of maize re⁃sponse to heat stress,and assist and promote the precise and directional improvement of maize germplasm.Finally,molecular design breeding methods were used to breed heat tolerant and high-yield adaptive varieties.In summary,the damage of persistent high temperature and heat stress to maize,the main evaluation index system and heat-toler⁃ant germplasm resources,the research progress of heat-tolerant genes and molecular genetics of maize were re⁃viewed,so as to provide the basis and reference for the research of heat tolerant maize.
作者
李汶哲
王候文
张润泽
杨瑞思
王飞
罗平
郝转芳
张林
LI Wen-zhe;WANG Hou-wen;ZHANG Run-ze;YANG Rui-si;WANG Fei;LUO Ping;HAO Zhuan-fang;ZHANG Lin(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《玉米科学》
北大核心
2025年第8期26-34,共9页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6NF015)
国家自然科学基金项目(32261143757,32272049)。
关键词
玉米
耐热性
评价指标
遗传改良
分子设计育种
Maize
Heat tolerance
Evaluation index
Genetic improvement
Molecular design breeding
