摘要
故障电弧作为一种常见的电力设施故障,其检测方法近年来被广泛研究讨论,然而由于测量环境往往电场强度极大,许多测量手段望而却步。里德堡原子传感系统作为一种卓越的可以做到全光学探头的检测手段,是检测故障电弧电磁信号的优秀平台之一。然而,里德堡原子系统检测故障电弧时采用的非共振探测方法往往在接收带宽与灵敏度等参数上偏低,在寻找最佳工作点的过程中,系统参数优化必不可少。本文主要对里德堡原子的电磁诱导透明(EIT)谱图的线型进行研究,预测了EIT与电磁诱导吸收(EIA)中间态的存在,并在实验上通过改变探测光拉比频率使原子处于性能最佳的中间态,信噪比提升了7.8 dBm以上,在1.5 MHz的范围内能够保持10 dB以上的信噪比,为利用里德堡原子系统检测故障电弧的手段提供了优化路径和方案。
Objective The detection of arc faults,as a common electric utility fault,has been widely studied and discussed in recent years due to its high risk of inducing fire.However,many measurement methods are discouraged due to the extremely strong electric field often encountered in the measurement environment.The Rydberg atom sensing system,as a superior detection method that can be an all-optical probe,is one of the excellent platforms for detecting electromagnetic signals from arc faults.Unfortunately,the non-resonant detection method used by the Rydberg atom system to detect arc fault tends to be low in terms of instantaneous bandwidth and sensitivity.Thus,the optimization of system parameters is essential in the search for the optimal operating point.Methods This paper focuses on the line shape of the electromagnetic induced transparency(EIT)spectra of Rydberg atoms,predicts the existence of the EIT and EIA intermediate states.By solving optical Bloch equations and observing the characteristics of theoretical EIT spectra under different parameter conditions,we are able to help explain the emergence of EIA and discover the intermediate states.And we experimentally put the atoms in the intermediate state to detect arc faults signal with optimal performance by changing probe light Rabi frequency.The Rydberg atom-based fault arc sensing system is presented by using a traditional two-photon cascade excitation scheme to excite cesium atoms from the ground state to the Rydberg state via an intermediate excited state.A 456 nm probe laser is locked to the first transition by constructing a saturation spectroscopy module.Results and Discussions We measure EIT,intermediate state,and EIA spectra under different Rabi frequencies of probe light by scanning coupling laser detuning.The EIT to EIA transition process and the details of the spectra are in general agreement with the theoretical calculations.To simulate real-world fault detection,we introduce arc signals using a commercial dual-arc pulse lighter near the atomic vapor cell.The arc signal response was extracted by locking the coupling laser detuning to the resonance of maximum arc response and analyzing the output using a spectrum analyzer.Among the spectra of three states,the intermediate state shows the highest response sensitivity to arc fault signals,maintaining over 10 dB signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)up to 1.5 MHz.A sophisticated balance between probe light power and the noise from laser intensity and system enviromental noise produces the optimized behavior in intermediate state.The intermediate state provides a SNR improvement of at least 7.8 dB compared to EIT and EIA,providing an optimizing path and solution for the means of detecting arc fault.Future improvements could involve adding an acousto-optic modulator(AOM)to precisely control probe detuning,enhancing the system's response to arc signals and improving fault detection performance.Conclusions To conclude,we optimized the Rydberg atom sensing system for arc fault detection by tuning the probe light Rabi frequency to place the atoms in an intermediate state with higher SNR.This approach significantly improved the non-resonant detection performance,increasing SNR by over 7.8 dB and maintaining a SNR above 10 dBm up to 1.5 MHz.The optimized intermediate state enhances the system's ability to detect arc signals more effectively,providing a more reliable and sensitive solution for arc fault detection in high-voltage power facilities.This advancement improves the understanding of arc fault characteristics,reduces the risk of insulation discharge failures,and enhances the safety and efficiency of power systems.
作者
王恩惠
耿佳琪
赵龙
仇茹嘉
田腾
宋东波
杨海涛
胡啸宇
陈嘉
WANG En-hui;GENG Jia-qi;ZHAO Long;QIU Ru-jia;TIAN Teng;SONG Dong-bo;YANG Hai-tao;HU Xiao-yu;CHEN Jia(State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute,Hefei 230601,China)
出处
《量子光学学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期35-44,共10页
Journal of Quantum Optics
基金
国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目(B3120524001V)。
