摘要
目的探讨家庭过渡模式对早产儿神经运动发育和家长照护能力的影响。方法前瞻性选择福建中医药大学附属福鼎医院新生儿科2023年5月至2024年4月收治的早产儿为研究对象,根据收治时间和护理方案不同,以2023年5月至2023年10月收治的早产儿及其家长为对照组,2023年11月至2024年4月收治的早产儿及其家长为家庭过渡组。对照组实施早产儿常规护理,家庭过渡组基于家庭过渡模式实施管理,比较两组早产儿的神经运动发育评分和家长照护能力评分。结果共纳入122例早产儿,对照组和家庭过渡组各61例,两组性别、胎龄、住院天数、出生时身体质量指数、头围、胎膜早破>12 h比例、新生儿疾病、母孕期疾病的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。家庭过渡组神经运动发育测评分值在校正3月龄[66.0(64.0,67.0)分比64.0(62.0,66.0)分]、校正6月龄[76.0(72.5,78.0)分比72.0(70.0,75.5)分]及评分等级均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组早产儿入科时家长照护能力总分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),家庭过渡组校正5月龄时家长照护能力总分高于对照组[131.0(125.0,137.0)分比88.0(77.0,98.5)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论家庭过渡模式的综合性照护方案可改善早产儿神经运动发育预后及家长照护能力,有利于早产儿出院后的追赶性生长及健康恢复。
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of the transition to home(TtH)model on the neuromotor development and parental care ability of preterm infants.MethodsPreterm infants admitted to Fuding Hospital affiliated to Fujian University of Chinese Medicine,from May 2023 to April 2024,were prospectively selected for the study.Based on the varying admission periods and nursing protocols,preterm infants and their parents admitted between May to October 2023 were assigned to the control group,while those admitted from November 2023 to April 2024 were assigned to the TtH group.The control group received standard nursing care,while the TtH group was managed with a specialized TtH model project.ResultsA total of 122 preterm infants were enrolled in the study,with 61 assigned to the control group and 61 to the TtH group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender,gestational age,duration of hospitalization,body mass index(BMI),head circumference,incidence of premature rupture of membranes lasting more than 12 h,neonatal diseases and maternal pregnancy status(P>0.05).In the TtH group,the neuromotor development scores at 3 and 6 adjusted months were 66.0(64.0,67.0)vs.64.0(62.0,66.0)and 76.0(72.5,78.0)vs.72.0(70.0,75.5),showing significantly higher results than the control group(P<0.05).The TtH group scored significantly higher in parental care ability than the control group[131.0(125.0,137.0)vs.88.0(77.0,98.5)](P<0.001).ConclusionsThe TtH-based nursing scheme enhances neuromotor development of premature infants and improves parental care ability,aiding their catch-up growth and post-discharge health recovery.
作者
庄玲娴
林楚楚
李霞
王美娜
林朝阳
Zhuang Lingxian;Lin Chuchu;Li Xia;Wang Meina;Lin Zhaoyang(Department of Neonatology,Fuding Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Chinese Medicine,Fuding 355200,China)
基金
福建中医药大学校管科研课题(XB2023102)。
关键词
家庭过渡模式
早产儿
神经运动发育
家长照护
Transition to home model
Premature infants
Neuromotor development
Family care
