摘要
对彝药资源的基源、药物入药方法、用药部位、药效和其他用途进行整理研究,为彝药资源整合及相关传统医药知识的利用提供参考.通过查阅文献资料,结合民族植物学田野调查,对获取药物资源及相关传统知识进行编目整理,共获得彝药资源952种,其中植物药842种,隶属于139科496属;动物药103种;矿物药2种;菌类药5种.植物药以草本和灌木为主,药用部位以根、全草以及叶类使用较多;用于治疗骨折性疾病药物最多,其次为治疗胃肠系统疾病、妇科疾病及风湿性疾病的药物.文献整理发现有112种药用植物科属已发生改变,60多种动物药已不再适合作为药物使用.结果可知,彝族地区具有非常丰富的彝药资源及相关的传统知识,随着野生动物禁止入药和对珍稀植物的保护,彝药相关知识应该注明;随着人们生活方式的改变和有用药经验的老人去世,彝族医药传统知识面临着濒危的风险.因此,亟待对彝族地区药物资源及其传统知识进行抢救性保护和收集.
This article presents a comprehensive investigation into the origins of Yi medicine resources,methods of drug utilization,specific body parts targeted,therapeutic efficacy,and additional applications.It serves as a valuable reference for the integration of Yi medicine resources and the preservation of associated traditional medical knowledge.Through an extensive review of literature and field investigations in ethnobotany,the identified medicinal resources and related traditional knowledge were systematically cataloged and organized.A total of 952 Yi medicine resources were documented,comprising 842 plant-based medicines(belonging to 139 families and 496 genera),103 animal-based medicines,2 mineral-based medicines,and 5 fungal-based medicines.The plant-based medicines predominantly consist of herbs and shrubs,with medicinal parts primarily including roots,whole plants,and leaves.Medicines used for treating fractures are most prevalent,followed by those addressing gastrointestinal diseases,gynecological conditions,and rheumatism.The literature review indicates that 112 medicinal plant families and genera have undergone changes,and over 60 animal-based medicines are no longer suitable for medicinal use.The findings demonstrate that the Yi ethnic region possesses abundant Yi medicine resources and associated traditional knowledge.However,with the prohibition on using wild animals as medicine and the protection of endangered plant species,attention must be given to preserving Yi medicine-related knowledge.Additionally,due to shifts in people’s lifestyles and the passing of elderly individuals with medical expertise,the traditional knowledge of Yi medicine is at risk of being lost.Consequently,there is an urgent need to implement rescue efforts for the documentation and preservation of medicinal resources and traditional knowledge within the Yi ethnic region.
作者
高红丽
李晓敏
陈潘燕
熊勇
GAO Hong-li;LI Xiao-min;CHEN Pan-yan;XIONG Yong(Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry,State Ethnic Affairs Commission&Ministry of Education,School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650504,China)
出处
《云南民族大学学报(自然科学版)》
2025年第4期386-395,共10页
Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金(81760655)
云南民族大学民族药资源化学国家民委-教育部重点实验室开放课题基金项目(MZY2104)。
关键词
彝药资源
传统知识
民族植物学
保护和传承
Yi medicine
traditional knowledge
ethnobotany
protection and inheritance
