摘要
Owing to the increasing prevalence and severity of obesity in childhood and adolescence,the incidence and prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in children and adolescents are increasing worldwide.However,the incidence of clinically diagnosed pediatric T2DM remains low,representing the“tip of the iceberg”.A long asymptomatic period of diabetes,a lack of awareness of risk factors,and a shortage of mass screening instruments result in the underdiagnosis of T2DM,especially in children.Compared with adult T2DM and type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)patients,pediatric T2DM patients have a more aggressive phenotype and a greater risk of morbidity,increasing the clinical and economic burden.Here,we discuss the prevalence of pediatric T2DM and prediabetes,with a focus on undiagnosed T2DM.We also discuss potential screening tools that may aid in pediatric T2DM identifcation.
基金
supported by the grants from Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0508200,2023ZD0508204)
Zhejiang Province Multidisciplinary Innovative Team for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes with Traditional Chinese Medicine
National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2701900)
Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2023C03047).
