摘要
粉煤灰是一种典型的固体废弃物。在全球工业化进程不断加快的背景下,其排放量呈逐年上升趋势,给环境和资源带来了巨大压力。粉煤灰的综合利用,不仅是缓解火电行业固体废弃物处置压力的重要方式,而且是实现资源循环经济和推动环境保护的关键措施。系统分析了粉煤灰在建材、农业等传统领域,以及环保、高值化利用等新兴领域的应用现状。粉煤灰在建材领域,从作为水泥、混凝土的掺合料,已发展为地聚物材料;在农业领域,其在土壤改良、肥料开发等方面有较大潜力;在新兴领域,粉煤灰的利用已拓展出废水处理、CO_(2)矿化封存、微珠分选和有价金属提取等新途径。同时,指出我国粉煤灰综合利用产业面临诸多挑战,如区域发展失衡、高值化利用技术产业化困难以及标准体系滞后等问题,并提出持续优化粉煤灰利用技术工艺、建立跨行业技术联盟、完善全生命周期监管体系等建议,以推动粉煤灰综合利用产业的可持续发展。未来,粉煤灰在建筑废弃物资源化和新能源领域的应用前景广阔,有望发展为其资源化利用的重要增长点。
Fly ash is a typical solid waste.As global industrialization speeds up,its discharge keeps rising yearly,posing a huge environment and resource challenge.Fly ash utilization is key for thermal power plants to ease solid waste disposal,and is also vital for resource recycling and environmental protection.This paper comprehensively analyzes fly ash s current uses in traditional fields like construction materials and agriculture,and emerging fields like environmental protection and high-value utilization.In construction,fly ash has evolved from a cement and concrete additive to a geopolymer material.In agriculture,it shows great potential in soil improvement and fertilizer development.In new application areas,it s being used in wastewater treatment,CO 2 mineralization storage,micro-bead separation,and valuable metal extraction.However,China s fly ash utilization industry faces imbalanced regional development,difficulties in industrializing high-value utilization technologies,and an outdated standards system.To promote sustainable development,the paper suggests optimizing fly ash utilization processes,forming cross-industry technology alliances,and improving the life-cycle supervision system.In the future,fly ash holds great promise in construction waste recycling and new energy and is expected to become a major growth area in resource utilization.
作者
罗扬
LUO Yang(Huadian Coal Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031,China)
出处
《四川建材》
2025年第8期5-11,共7页
Sichuan Building Materials
基金
中国华电集团有限公司研发和数字化类科技项目——煤矿煤矸石制备陶粒和硅基材料关键技术研究(CHDKJ23-03-02-17)。
关键词
粉煤灰
建筑材料
综合利用
环境保护
高值化
fly ash
building materials
comprehensive utilization
environmental protection
high-value utilization
