摘要
History has shown that mega engineering projects co-evolve with advancements in fundamental science.For instance,new research opportunities encountered inNational Aeronautics and Space Administration’s(NASA’s)Apollo Project led to the formulation of system science,and the development of sea-floor drilling for submarine oil exploration provided key evidence for the theory of plate tectonics.Today,there are high expectations that new data sources and technologies,such as big data,artificial intelligence,and digital twins,will bring about a step change in Earth SystemScience(ESS).1 Consequently,the ESS community anticipates the availability of broader,deeper,and higher-resolution data,complemented by longer time series than are currently available.2 Theworld’smost challenging plateau railway,named the Sichuan-Tibet railway(STR)project,aligns well with these emerging scientific requirements.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.41941017)
the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(grant no.2019QZKK0900).
