摘要
采用透油截水原理实现油水混合液或油水乳液的高效分离,需要制备超疏水/亲油性分离膜。利用真空抽滤法,将自制的烷基SiO_(2)以浸涂液形式沉积于聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜,制得疏水/亲油性SiO_(2)/PTFE膜(SP膜),并对SP膜的膜表面性能、油水分离性能进行了测试。结果表明,经烷基SiO_(2)改性后的PTFE膜表面形成了微纳米粗糙结构,膜疏水/亲油性提升。当烷基SiO_(2)沉积量为1956 mg/m^(2)时,其水接触角可达154°,油滴1 s内完全渗透。SP膜对正十六烷/水混合液的分离效率以及渗透通量随着油比例的提升而增大,油水质量比为3∶1时,对正十六烷分离效率98.31%,渗透通量(-0.09 MPa)为992 L/(m^(2)·h);对正己烷/水、正癸烷/水、正十六烷/水以及Isopar G/水混合液的分离效率均达到98%以上,渗透通量(-0.09 MPa)分别为2574、1781、992和3007 L/(m^(2)·h);对正己烷、正十六烷油包水乳液的分离效率达到97%以上,渗透通量(-0.09 MPa)分别为512和230 L/(m^(2)·h)。SP膜油水和乳液分离所得油相含水率均小于0.01%,10个周期循环使用后,SP膜对正十六烷/水混合液分离效率仍保持在96%以上、渗透通量衰减率小于7%,显示出优异的油水分离性能。
To achieve highly efficient separation of oil-water mixtures or oil-water emulsions with the principle of permitting oil passage while blocking water,it is necessary to prepare a superhydrophobic/lipophilic separation membrane.A hydrophobic/lipophilic SiO_(2)/PTFE(SP) membrane was fabricated by depositing a self-synthesized alkyl SiO_(2) impregnating solution onto a polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)substrate via vacuum filtration.The surface characteristics and oil-water separation performance of the SP membrane were systematically investigated.Results revealed that the alkyl SiO_(2)-modified PTFE membrane exhibited a micro-nano hierarchical rough structure,which significantly enhanced its hydrophobicity and lipophilicity.At an alkyl SiO_(2) deposition amount of 1956mg/m^(2),the membrane achieved a water contact angle of 154°,with oil droplets fully permeating within 1 second.The SP membrane demonstrated enhanced separation efficiency and permeation flux when processing n-hexadecane/water mixtures as the oil concentration increased.At an oil-water ratio of 3∶1(quality ratio),the separation efficiency for n-hexadecane reached 98.31%,with a permeation flux(-0.09 MPa)of 992L/(m^(2)·h).For various mixtures,including n-hexane/water,n-decane/water,n-hexadecane/water,and Isopar G/water,the separation efficiencies of SP membrane exceeded 98%.The corresponding permeation fluxes(-0.09 MPa)are 2574,1781,992,and 3007L/(m^(2)·h),respectively.Additionally,when handling n-hexane and n-hexadecane oil-in-wateremulsions,the separation efficiencies of SP membrane maintained above 97%,with permeation fluxes(-0.09MPa)of 512 and 230L/(m^(2)·h),respectively.The water content in the oil phase obtained through oil-water or emulsion separation using theSP membrane was below 0.01%.After undergoing 10 usage cycles,the SP membrane retained a separation efficiency greater than 96% for n-hexadecane/water mixtures,with a permeation flux attenuation rate of less than 7%,showcasing outstanding oil-water separation capabilities.
作者
彭倩倩
郭春刚
常娜
陈江荣
邵伟
孙玮
王海涛
刘国昌
PENG Qianqian;GUO Chungang;CHANG Na;CHEN Jiangrong;SHAO Wei;SUN Wei;WANG Haitao;LIU Guochang(The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,MNR(Tianjin),Tianjin 300192,China;College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《膜科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第4期104-112,共9页
Membrane Science and Technology
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基金(K-JBYWF-2024-QR-04,K-JBYWF-2024-ZT02,K-JBYWF-2022-T01)。
