摘要
明代官方历法《大统历》改编自元《授时历》,因行用过久,其推算误差自明中叶开始不断增大,朝野上下要求改历的声音强烈。在此历法危机中,朱载堉编纂了《黄钟历》与《圣寿万年历》两部新历法,其修订的核心思路为修正回归年长度。其新法中的太阳理论部分,因回归年长度的变化,导致冬至时间、盈缩差等中间变量以及最终的太阳视黄经计算结果均与《大统历》有明显区别。对比新、旧两法的日躔精度,发现新法在太阳平运动的计算结果上优于《大统历》,但整体来看两者精度仍在同一水平。
Datong Calendar(《大统历》),the official calendar of the Ming Dynasty,was adapted from the Yuan Dynasty’s Shoushi Calendar(《授时历》).Due to its prolonged use,calculation errors have begun to accumulate significantly from the mid-Ming period,prompting widespread proposals for calendar reform across both the imperial court and the general populace.Under this background,Zhu Zaiyu compiled two new calendars,the Huangzhong Calendar(《黄钟历》)and the Shengshou Wannian Calendar(《圣寿万年历》).The core idea of his revision was to correct the length of the tropical year.In the part of the solar theory in his works,due to the change in the length of the tropical year,intermediate variables such as the winter solstice time and the equation of center,as well as the final calculation results of the apparent solar longitude,have shown obvious differences from the relevent datas of the Datong Calendar.By comparing the accuracy of the solar motion in the new and old calendars,it is found that the calculation results of the mean solar motion in Zhu’s new calendars are slightly better than those of the Datong Calendar.However,the general accuracy of these calendars is still at the same level.
作者
褚龙飞
孙梦瑶
何丽媛
Chu Longfei;Sun Mengyao;He Liyuan
出处
《中华文化论坛》
北大核心
2025年第3期184-192,共9页
Journal of Chinese Culture
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“中国历法史”(项目编号:22&ZD221)的阶段性成果。
