摘要
儒家亚圣孟子关于人的本心、人的良知、人性和人性善的论述进行了哲理的探讨,在哲学史上构建了心学的基本理论。南宋中期著名理学家张栻的《孟子说》和朱熹的《孟子集注》,从天命、天理和性命等理学思想对孟子的哲理进行了新的阐释,发展了理学思想,这为理学成为统治思想建立了理论基础。张栻和朱熹对孟子心学缺乏批判,以致为南宋陆九渊和明代王阳明所发展,将主观的认识论推向前所未有极端,从而导致理学史的终结。
Mencius,ya sheng(the second saint)of Confucianism,has constructed the basic theory of xin xue(the philosophy of the mind)through his philosophical discussions on human mind,human conscience,human nature and human goodness.In the middle period of the Southern Song Dynasty,two works of li xue(the philosophy of the principle),Mengzi Shuo from Zhang Shi and Mengzi Ji Zhu from Zhu Xi,has provided new interpretation on Mencius Philosophy with the thoughts of tian ming(the mandate of heaven),tian li(the principle of heaven)and xing ming(human nature and human life),which established the theoretical basis for Neo-Confucianism to become the ruling thought.However,the lack of criticism in their interpretation leaved theoretical blanks,which were filled by Lu Jiuyuan of the Southern Song Dynasty and Wang Yangming of the Ming Dynasty.Lu and Wang have pushed the subjective epistemology to an unprecedented extreme,thus leading to the end of the history of li xue.
出处
《中华文化论坛》
北大核心
2025年第3期32-39,共8页
Journal of Chinese Culture
关键词
孟子
张栻
朱熹
本心
良知
人性
Mencius
Zhang Shi
Zhuxi
ben xin(innate mind)
liang zhi(conscience)
ren xing(human nature)
xing shan(goodness of human nature)
