摘要
【意义】社区作为城市基本构成单元,碳排放水平和精确核算直接影响着建筑行业整体减排成效,本文梳理了目前碳核算主要方法及其优劣,提出了基于数字孪生技术提升社区碳核算精确性和全面性的新思路。【进展】本文首先介绍3种传统碳核算方法—碳排放因子法、质量平衡法和实测法及其应用情况,梳理适用于社区尺度碳核算的数字孪生技术,主要包括建筑信息模型BIM、地理信息系统GIS和物联网IoT技术;本文分析了①拓展基于数字孪生技术碳核算的覆盖面至社区层次,②加强多项数字孪生技术的融合互联程度,③建立基于数字孪生技术的社区碳核算体系3个方面发展趋势;提出集成BIM、GIS和IoT 3种成熟技术并搭建基于城市信息模型CIM社区碳排放体系的广阔前景。【展望】未来,应用数字孪生技术可实现“不同尺度”和“不同地域环境”社区精准碳核算、碳排量预测、减碳路径制定、以及进行评估与反馈。同时随着AI技术发展,未来有望将城市信息模型CIM社区碳核算单元与AI智能体整合,充分发挥大数据、大模型和大算力优势,从而构建智慧城市智能化社区碳核算体系。
[Significance]As the basic unit of a city,the carbon emission levels and accuracy of community-scale accounting directly impact the overall effectiveness of emission reduction in the construction industry.This paper reviews the main methods of carbon accounting,evaluates their advantages and disadvantages,and proposes a new approach to enhance the accuracy and comprehensiveness of community carbon accounting using digital twin technology.[Progress]This paper first introduces three traditional carbon accounting methods,namely the carbon emission factor method,the mass balance method,and the direct measurement method,and discusses their applications.It then identifies digital twin technologies suitable for community-scale carbon accounting,including Building Information Modeling(BIM),Geographic Information System(GIS),and the Internet of Things(IoT).The paper analyzes current development trends,including:(i)expanding the scope of carbon accounting to the community level using digital twin technology,(ii)strengthening the integration and interoperability of digital twin systems,and(iii)establishing a community carbon accounting framework grounded in digital twin technology.It further proposes integrating BIM,GIS,and IoT into a unified system based on the city information model to build a comprehensive community carbon emission platform.[Prospect]Looking ahead,the application of digital twin technology holds promise for enabling accurate carbon accounting,emission forecasting,reduction pathway planning,and performance evaluation for communities of varying scales and geographical contexts.Furthermore,with advances in AI technology,it is anticipated that city information models for community carbon accounting will increasingly integrate AI agents,leveraging the power of big data,large models,and high-performance computing,to create intelligent carbon accounting systems for the smart city era.
作者
孙宝娣
陈柯颖
陈赵慧
王纯
燕玉玺
唐敬超
刘亦枫
SUN Baodi;CHEN Keying;CHEN Zhaohui;WANG Chun;YAN Yuxi;TANG Jingchao;LIU Yifeng(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China;Shandong Engineering Research Center of City Information Modeling,Qingdao 266033,China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)
出处
《地球信息科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1671-1686,共16页
Journal of Geo-information Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32301382)
青岛市社会科学规划研究项目(QDSKL2401141)。
关键词
碳核算
传统核算方法
数字孪生技术
城市信息模型
建筑信息模型
地理信息系统
物联网
社区
Carbon accounting
traditional accounting methods
digital twin technologies
city information modeling
building information modeling
Geographic Information System
internet of things
communities
