摘要
赤狐(Vulpes vulpes)是国家二级重点保护野生动物,也是色达县棘球绦虫(Echi⁃nococcus)等恶性疾病的重要传播源,掌握该物种时空利用特征可促进其有效管护。2023年6月—2024年3月,利用红外相机监测四川省甘孜州色达县赤狐活动,并对其栖息地影响因子、适宜栖息地和日活动节律进行分析,结果显示:赤狐的日活动强度分布不均匀(α>0.042),其在05:00、20:00和24:00出现活动峰值,在09:00—15:00活动较少,呈夜行性(β=0.09);年均降水量、土地覆盖类型、EVI变幅和最湿月降水量是影响当地赤狐栖息地利用的主要环境因子,赤狐偏好利用年均降水量和最湿月降水量较高、EVI变幅较小的栖息地,喜欢林地。赤狐的适宜栖息地面积约为1331 km^(2),主要分布在色达县东南侧;次适宜栖息地面积为3119 km^(2),主要分布在色达县的东侧和南侧;色达县年龙自然保护区内适宜栖息地面积仅有221 km^(2),次适宜栖息地面积仅有133 km^(2)。研究结果表明,色达县赤狐栖息地较广,且大都分布在保护区外,除保护区外,人们应该同时关注保护区外赤狐更大的栖息地管护;赤狐白天活动较少,人类白天活动与其接触的机会不多,日常生活中人们可多关注赤狐粪便密接等其他问题,以减少疫病传播。
The red fox(Vulpes vulpes)is a national second-level protected wild animals in China and a source of transmis⁃sion of malignant diseases such as Echinococcus in Sertar County.Understanding the spatiotemporal utilization characteris⁃tics of the red fox is crucial for their effective management and conservation.This study analyzed the daily activity rhythms,factors influencing habitat,and suitable habitat of the red fox in Sertar County,based on infrared camera monitoring from June 2023 to March 2024.The results showed that the daily activity intensity of red foxes was uneven(α>0.042),with peaks occurring at 05:00,20:00,and 24:00,and a trough between 09:00 and 15:00,indicating a nocturnal pattern(β=0.09).Four variables,including average annual precipitation,land cover type,EVI variability,and precipitation in the wet⁃test month,were the four primary environmental factors influencing the distribution of red foxes.The red foxes prefer habi⁃tats with higher average annual precipitation and wettest month precipitation,smaller EVI ranges,with a preference for for⁃ested areas.The suitable habitat area for red foxes in Sertar County is about 1331 km^(2),mainly distributed in the southeastern part of the county.The suboptimal habitat area is approximately 3119 km^(2),mainly located in the eastern and southern parts of Sertar County.Within the Nianlong Nature Reserve,there are only 221 km^(2) of suitable habitat and 133 km^(2) of sub⁃optimal habitat for red foxes.The results indicate that the habitat distribution of red foxes in Sertar County is widespread,and most habitats of the red foxes are distributed outside the protected area.Conservation and management efforts should also focus on the larger habitats outside the protected areas.Red foxes are rarely active during the day,so more attention should be paid to the issues like close contact with fox feces in daily life to reduce the spread of diseases.
作者
杨创明
窦亮
徐怀亮
肖启程
王旭
何兴成
刘伟
廖静
叶兵兵
周华明
李静
YANG Chuangming;DOU Liang;XU Huailiang;XIAO Qicheng;WANG Xu;HE Xingcheng;LIU Wei;LIAO Jing;YE Bingbing;ZHOU Huaming;LI Jing(Sichuan Minzu College,Kangding 626000,China;Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;College of Life Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya’an 625014,China;College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610065,China;Institute of Forestry Science of Ganzi Xizang Automous Prefecture,Kangding 626000,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期491-500,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2023NSFSC0211)。
关键词
赤狐
时空利用
日活动节律
栖息地
管护
Red fox(Vulpes vulpes)
Spatiotemporal utilization
Daily activity rhythm
Habitat
Conservation
