摘要
粪便是开展野生动物种群生态学、遗传特征、疾病与健康状况等研究的重要样品。由于东北虎(Panthera tigris altaica)种群处于濒危状态,粪便样品收集困难,为满足多种研究目的,同一样品往往被分成不同部分用于不同分析。然而部分取样以及不同部位间的差异是否会影响研究结果并未得到科学验证。为此,本研究基于野生东北虎粪便样品,运用DNA宏条形码技术分析东北虎的食物组成,并比较不同粪便取样部位间的结果差异。结果显示:东北虎的食物组成包括野猪(Sus scrofa)、梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)、狍(Capreolus pygargus)等大宗食物(相对序列丰度22.1300%~42.6600%),以及中级捕食者、啮齿类、鸟类在内的多种消遣性食物(0.0003%~0.4800%);不同粪便取样部位间,食物的相对生物贡献量无显著差异(P>0.05),但组合取样方案检测出的物种数量最多[(6.50±1.29)种],显著高于其他取样方案(P<0.05)。研究结果提示了在开展基于粪便样品对东北虎营养、遗传和疾病等分析时考虑取样部位潜在影响的必要性,特别是在无法使用完整粪便样品或关注于稀有食物种类鉴定时,多部位组合取样是获得可靠结果的最优方案。
Faecal samples are important for studies on the population ecology,genetic characteristics,disease and health of wildlife.As Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)is endangered,faecal samples collection is often challenging,thus one faecal sample is often divided into different parts for different analyses in order to satisfy different research purposes.How⁃ever,it has not been explored that whether partial sampling and the differences of sampling parts would affect research re⁃sults.This study analyzed the dietary composition based on faecal samples of the wild Amur tiger using DNA metabarcod⁃ing technology and compared the differences among the different faecal sampling parts.The results showed that Amur tiger preyed on wild boar(Sus scrofa),sika deer(Cervus nippon),and Siberian roe deer(Capreolus pygargus)as its main food resources(relative read abundance:22.1300%-42.6600%),but also occasionally preyed on other animals,like mid-sized carnivores,rodents and birds(0.0003%-0.4800%).Among the different faecal sampling designs,the out⁃comes of diet composition showed no significant difference in relative biomass contribution(P>0.05).However,the com⁃bined sampling designs detected the highest number of species(6.50±1.29),which was significantly higher than the other sampling designs(P<0.05).This study demonstrates the necessity to consider the potential impact of partial sam⁃pling when conducting faecal samples-based analyses of nutrition,genetics,and disease in Amur tiger,especially when complete faecal samples are unavailable or when the focus is on the identification of rare food species,and that a combina⁃tion of multiple parts is the optimal solution for obtaining reliable results.
作者
吴净雨
刘东起
程万年
程志刚
宋涛
赵岩
顾佳音
姜广顺
齐进哲
WU Jingyu;LIU Dongqi;CHENG Wannian;CHENG Zhigang;SONG Tao;ZHAO Yan;GU Jiayin;JIANG Guangshun;QI Jinzhe(Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park Hunchun Conservation Center,Hunchun 133300,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期473-482,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32000351)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1305000)。
关键词
东北虎
食物组成
DNA宏条形码
粪便取样部位
Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)
Diet composition
DNA metabarcoding
Faecal partial sampling
