摘要
梳理并总结德国、日本和韩国在实施长期护理保险制度过程中针对认知症失能等级评估工具及认定标准的实践经验,研究发现3国评估工具均采用多维度综合评估方法,涵盖了精神行为症状、认知与交流能力等领域,并充分考虑认知症患者在疾病不同阶段的需求和功能退化特征。建议我国重视认知症患者的特殊需求,拓宽保障范围;优化失能等级评估工具;维护认知症患者权益的差异性公平,探索基于照护时间和身心特征的分级照护标准,为我国相关政策的完善提供参考。
The study aims to review and summarize the practical experiences regarding dementia disability assessment tools and certification standards in the implementation of long-term care insurance system in Germany,Japan and South Korea.The findings indicate that the assessment tools in these three countries employ a multidimensional evaluation method,emphasizing domains such as behavioral and psychological symptoms,and cognitive and communicative abilities,while taking into account their demands and functional decline trajectories in dementia patients at different stages of the disease.Thus,this study offers the following recommendations:prioritize the specific demands of dementia patients and broaden the scope of coverages,optimize disability assessment tools,and promote differential equity through the development of graded care standards informed by care time and patients'physical and mental conditions,providing valuable insights for the improvement of related policies in China.
作者
刘春琴
周英
LIU Chunqin(School of Nursing,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,511436,China)
出处
《医学与社会》
北大核心
2025年第8期110-118,共9页
Medicine and Society
基金
国家社会科学基金资助项目,编号为18BRK034
广东省教育厅高等学校科研项目,编号为2023WTSCX070。
关键词
长期护理保险制度
认知症
失能等级认定
德国
日本
韩国
Long-term Care Insurance System
Dementia
Disability Certification
Germany
Japan
South Korea
