摘要
随着脑机接口技术在医疗领域的广泛应用,传统权利体系面临巨大挑战。在现有权利框架下对脑机接口技术所涉权利的分析,忽视了该技术对个体意志造成的影响及对权利基础的动摇。医用脑机接口所涉权利的内容应包括认知自由、精神隐私、精神完整性和心理连续性等。为实现权利保障,应从宏观、中观和微观层面进行法律规制:宏观上以保护人类自主权为前提,中观上遵循自主性、非恶意、公正性和透明度四项准则,微观上通过决策前伦理审查、决策中增强透明度、决策后长期优化等策略,旨在构建以“人”为核心的技术治理体系,实现技术发展与权利保障的平衡。
With the widespread application of brain-computer interface(BCI)technology in the medical field,traditional rights systems face immense challenges.Analyzing BCI-related rights within existing frameworks overlooks the technology's impact on individual will and its po-tential to undermine fundamental rights.Rights pertaining to medical BCI should encompass cog-nitive freedom,mental privacy,mental integrity,and psychological continuity,etc.To ensure rights protection,legal regulation should be implemented at macro,medium,and micro levels:at the macro level,it should be predicated on protecting human autonomy;at the medium level,it should adhere to four principles-autonomy,non-maleficence,justice,and transparency;at the micro level,strategies such as pre-decision ethical review,enhanced transparency during deci-sion-making,and long-term post-decision optimization should be employed.The aim is to con-struct a"human-centric"technology governance system,achieving a balance between technologi-cal development and rights protection.
出处
《东方法学》
北大核心
2025年第4期183-195,共13页
Oriental Law
基金
教育部国家人权教育与培训基地项目“数字技术行政应用中的人权保护标准研究”(项目批准号:21JJD820001)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
医用脑机接口
认知自由精神隐私
精神完整性
心理连续性
人类自主权
medical brain-computer interface
cognitive freedom
mental privacy
mental integrity
psychological continuity
human autonomy
