摘要
(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)浸矿剂在浸矿过程中会产生大量的氨氮废水,对矿体周边环境造成氨氮污染。以江西某离子吸附型稀土矿为试样进行室内柱浸试验,采用先硫酸铵后硫酸镁浸出工艺,分析不同体积比的(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)和MgSO_(4)对稀土浸出率、氨氮残留率及最后浸出液中铵根离子浓度的影响。基于稀土浸出率高,氨氮污染小,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)和MgSO_(4)的最佳体积比为0.6:0.4。结果表明:相同条件下,与MgSO_(4)相比,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)的稀土浸出率更高,浸出速率更快,浸取周期更短;体积比小于0.6:0.4时,开始影响稀土浸出率;体积比为0.6∶0.4时,氨氮残留率最低;第二阶段加入MgSO_(4)溶液可以使最后浸出液中NH4+浓度降低,降低幅值最大可达27.2 mg·L^(-1),减小了氨氮污染。
The leaching process using(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)produces large amount of ammonia nitrogen wastewater,which can cause pollution to the environment surrounding of the ore body.An indoor column leaching test was conducted using an ion-adsorption rare earth ore from Jiangxi Province as a sample using the leaching process of ammonium sulfate followed by magnesium sulfate,the effects of different volume ratios of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)and MgSO_(4)on the leaching rate of rare earths,ammonia nitrogen residual rate,and ammonium ion concentration in the final leach solution were analyzed.Based on the high leaching rate of rare earths and low pollution of ammonia nitrogen,the optimal volume ratio of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)to MgSO_(4)is 0.6:0.4.The results indicate that under the same conditions,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)has a higher leaching rate of rare earths,a faster leaching rate,and a shorter leaching cycle compared to magnesium sulfate.When the volume ratio is less than 0.6:0.4,it begins to affect rare earth leaching rates.When the volume ratio is 0.6:0.4,the residual rate of ammonia nitrogen is the lowest.The addition of MgSO_(4)solution at the second stage can reduce the concentration of NH ions in the final leach solution,and the reduction of the amplitude up to 27.2 mg·L^(-1),which reduce the pollution of ammonia nitrogen.
作者
黎佳文
胡世丽
王观石
张永康
Li Jiawen;Hu Shili;Wang Guanshi;Zhang Yongkang(School of Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)
出处
《中国稀土学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期788-796,共9页
Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52364015)
江西省高等学校井冈学者特聘教授岗位资助(205201200003)
福建省科技重大专项(2023YZ037002)资助。
关键词
硫酸铵
硫酸镁
稀土浸出率
氨氮残留率
ammonium sulfate
magnesium sulfate
leaching rate of rare earth
ammonia nitrogen residual rate
