摘要
目的综述纳米粒子在增强光动力免疫治疗(PDIT)抗肿瘤效果中的创新应用及作用机制。方法以“光动力免疫治疗、纳米递送系统、肿瘤靶向、肿瘤微环境、协同治疗”为中文关键词,以“photodynamic immunotherapy,nano delivery system,tumor targeting,tumor microenvironment,synergistic therapy”为英文关键词,检索PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI数据库2016-2024年发表的文献。纳入标准:纳米递送系统在PDIT中的应用机制研究;纳米递送系统抗肿瘤治疗效果。排除标准:个案报告、非英文/中文文献及未涉及免疫调控机制的研究。最终纳入63篇高质量文献进行系统性分析。结果纳米递送系统通过功能化修饰显著提升光敏剂水溶性及肿瘤靶向性。金属有机框架、黑磷量子点等新型纳米材料可同步改善肿瘤乏氧微环境,放大级联免疫反应。临床前研究表明,多功能纳米平台联合免疫检查点抑制剂可延长制剂在体内的滞留时间,有效治疗转移复发肿瘤。结论纳米技术通过时空精准调控药物递送、重塑肿瘤微环境及增强免疫应答,显著提升了PDIT的疗效-安全性平衡,但在药物载量精确控制、长期生物安全性评价等方面仍需突破,工程化纳米平台为发展下一代智能化抗肿瘤联合疗法提供了重要技术路径。未来研究应重点关注临床转化适配性及个性化诊疗体系的构建。
Objective To systematically summarize the innovative applications and mechanisms of nanoparticles in enhan-cing the antitumor efficacy of photodynamic immunotherapy(PDIT).Methods Keywords including"photodynamic im-munotherapy,nanodelivery systems,tumor targeting.tumor microenvironment.and combination therapy"were used to search PubMed.Web of Science.and CNKI databases for literature published between 2016 and 2024.Inclusion criteria:Study on the application mechanism of nano delivery systems in PDIT:The anti-tumor therapeutic effect of nano delivery system,while case reports,non-English/Chinese publications,and studies lacking immune modulation mechanisms were excluded.A total of 63 high-quality articles were systematically analyzed.Results Nanodelivery systems.through func-tional modifications.significantly improved photosensitizer solubility and tumor-targeting precision.Advanced nanomate-rials such as metal-organic frameworks and black phosphorus quantum dots simultaneously alleviated tumor hypoxia and amplified cascading immune responses.Preclinical studies demonstrated that multifunctional nanoplatforms combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors prolonged in vivo retention time and effectively treated metastatic and recurrent tumors.Conclusions Nanotechnology has markedly enhanced the efficacy-safety balance of PDIT by enabling spatiotemporally precise drug delivery,remodeling the tumor microenvironment.and augmenting immune responses.Despite challenges in precise drug-loading control and long-term biosafety evaluation.engineered nanoplatforms provide a critical technological pathway for developing next-generation intelligent antitumor combination therapies.Future research should prioritize clin-ical translation adaptability and the development of personalized treatment systems.
作者
沈静雯
刘宝瑞
刘芹
SHEN Jingwen;LIU Baorui;LIU Qin(Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University&Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu210008,Chin)
出处
《中华肿瘤防治杂志》
北大核心
2025年第9期583-590,共8页
Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment
关键词
纳米递送系统
肿瘤靶向
光动力免疫治疗
协同治疗
肿瘤微环境
nanodelivery systems
tumor targeting
photodynamic immunotherapy
synergistic therapy
tumor microenvironment
