摘要
伦晚脐橙是秭归晚熟脐橙主栽品种,果实生长发育需要越冬,受冬季低温的影响较大。2024年1月底和2月初,湖北柑橘产区遭遇了极端低温冰冻天气危害,对柑橘尤其是晚熟柑橘造成了较大影响。为了解低温冰冻天气对秭归伦晚脐橙果实枯水的影响,2024年3—4月调查了不同海拔、不同果实大小、不同砧木、不同栽培措施下伦晚脐橙果实枯水情况。结果表明,在秭归,伦晚脐橙果实枯水率随种植地海拔升高而上升,开花期果实枯水率高于新梢生长期;不同大小果实的枯水率存在差异,中果(75 mm≤横径<90 mm)和小果(60 mm≤横径<75 mm)枯水率明显小于大果(横径≥90 mm);红桔砧伦晚脐橙的枯水率和枯水指数均明显高于枳砧伦晚脐橙;采取树冠覆膜等防冻措施可在一定程度上减轻枯水的发生,但低温天气过后尤其是平地果园需要注意及时揭膜。根据调查分析结果,提出了秭归晚熟脐橙生产建议。
Lane Late navel orange is the main variety of late maturing navel orange planted in Zigui.Its fruits growth and development require overwintering,which are significantly affected by low temperature in winter.At the end of January and the beginning of February 2024,Hubei citrus producing areas suffered from extremely low temperature,freezing rain and snow,which had a great impact on citrus,especially late maturing citrus.In order to understand the effect of low temperature and freezing weather on the granulation of Zigui Lane Late navel orange fruits,the granulation degree and granulation ratio of Zigui Lane Late navel orange fruits under different altitudes,with different fruit sizes,rootstocks and cultivation measures were investigated from March to April 2024.The results showed that the granulation ratio was increased significantly with the increase of altitude.The granulation rate of fruits at blooming stage was higher than that of at new shoot growth stage.The granulation rates of different size of fruits were different.The granulation rates of medium fruit(75 mm≤Transverse diameter<90 mm)and small fruit(60 mm≤Transverse diameter<75 mm)were significantly lower than that of large fruit(Transverse diameter≥90 mm).The granulation rate and granulation index of red tangerine rootstock Lane Late navel orange were significantly higher than those of trifoliate orange rootstock.Anti-freezing measures such as film covering could reduce the occurrence of granulation to a certain extent.However,after low-temperature weather,it is critical to promptly remove the mulch film,especially in flatland orchards.Based on the survey and analysis results,production recommendations for late-ripening navel oranges in Zigui were proposed.
作者
廖胜才
王策
马娟
宋放
宋晓琴
李丽萍
马监生
陈云龙
白圣杰
王志静
蒋迎春
何利刚
吴黎明
LIAO Shengcai;WANG Ce;MA Juan;SONG Fang;SONG Xiaoqin;LI Liping;MA Jiansheng;CHEN Yunlong;BAI Shengjie;WANG Zhijing;JIANG Yingchun;HE Ligang;WU Liming(Zigui Fruit and Tea Development Center,Yichang,Hubei,443600,China;Institute of Fruit and Tea,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees,Wuhan,Hubei,430064,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2025年第4期7-11,共5页
South China Fruits
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2300605)
中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(鄂[2024]TG 37号)
湖北省乡村振兴科技示范项目(2024EBA005)
湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2024-620-000-001-023)
湖北省第四批现代农业产业技术体系专项(2024HBSTX4-08)资助。
关键词
伦晚脐橙
采前枯水
低温
栽培措施
秭归
Lane Late navel orange
pre-harvest granulation
low temperature
cultivation measures
Zigui
