摘要
利用1960—2024年湖北省襄阳市茶区3个国家气象观测站点的逐日气象观测资料,分析了该茶区茶树生长期主要气象灾害倒春寒和高温的特征。结果表明,襄阳市茶区每年倒春寒发生次数以0~3次为主,年累计时间以0~10 d为主;保康县发生倒春寒频率最高、次数最多、累计时间最长,南漳县次之,谷城县最少;从出现时间来看,倒春寒主要发生在3月中旬至4月上旬,其中4月上旬发生频率最高。襄阳市茶区年平均高温日数为20.7 d,酷热日数为6.6 d,二者均表现为保康县最多、谷城县次之、南漳县最少;高温事件主要发生在6—8月,其中7月最多。针对气象灾害提出应对措施,如建设标准化生产茶园,提升茶园应对气象灾害的能力;加强茶园气象的精准监测,做好茶园气象灾害防御的靶向服务;开发和推广茶叶气象指数保险,为茶叶生产提供抗风险保障。
Based on the daily meteorological observation data of 3 national meteorological stations in the tea-growing area of Xiangyang City from 1960 to 2024,the characteristics of late spring coldness and high temperature,which were the main meteorological disasters during the growth period of the tea tree in the tea-growing area,were analyzed.The results indicated that the occurrence frequency of late spring coldness in the tea-growing area of Xiangyang City was mainly 0 to 3 times each year,and the cumulative days were mainly 0 to 10 days per year.The probability,frequency and cumulative duration of late spring coldness were the highest in Baokang County,followed by Nanzhang County,and the lowest in Gucheng County.From the perspective of occurrence time,it mainly happened from mid-March to early April,among which the occurrence probability was the highest in early April.The annual average number of high-temperature days in the tea-growing area of Xiangyang City was 20.7,and that of extremely hot days was 6.6.Both of them were the most in Baokang County,followed by Gucheng County,and the least in Nanzhang County.High-temperature events mainly occurred from June to August,with the most in July.To address these meteorological disasters,the study proposed countermeasures such as establishing standardized tea production gardens to enhance resilience against meteorological hazards;strengthening precise meteorological monitoring in tea gardens and providing targeted services for disaster prevention;and developing and promoting meteorological index-based insurance for tea to provide risk resilience protection for tea production.
作者
陈爽
唐前勇
山亚平
邹从鹏
赵耀
CHEN Shuang;TANG Qian-yong;SHAN Ya-ping;ZOU Cong-peng;ZHAO Yao(Xiangyang Meteorological Bureau,Xiangyang 441025,Hubei,China;Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xiangyang 441057,Hubei,China;Xiangyang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Xiangyang 441000,Hubei,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2025年第7期40-45,52,共7页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家体系CARS-19重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1601105)
襄阳市气象局重点项目(XY2024Z02)。
关键词
襄阳市茶区
茶树
气象灾害
倒春寒
高温
措施
tea-growing area of Xiangyang City
tea tree
meteorological disaster
late spring coldness
high temperature
countermeasure
