摘要
地球与火星同处于太阳系宜居带上,然而现今两大行星的生命活力和气候环境有天壤之别。与当今冷干环境不同的是,火星诞生初期在多个方面与地球早期环境具有相似特征,如具有浓密的大气、活跃的火山活动、全球性的磁场及可能宜居环境等。火星早期气候模拟研究是理解火星气候演化的关键。文章基于近数十年的火星早期气候研究,系统梳理了“弱太阳悖论”、温室气体浓度、陨石撞击、气候系统反馈等过程对早期火星气候影响;总结了火星早期气候模拟研究的争议与挑战,如加热事件的持续时间、次要气体的作用、北方海洋假说、气体逃逸过程等;并结合现有研究进一步展望未来挑战和研究方向,如高分辨率的冰川模型与GCM耦合、火星水岩反应探究、深入火幔等行星尺度的研究等。本研究工作可为火星气候环境演化研究提供重要参考。
Both Earth and Mars are located within the habitable zone of the solar system;however,the two planets exhibit stark contrasts in their current climate conditions and potential for sustaining life.Unlike its present-day cold and arid state,early Mars shared several environmental characteristics with the young Earth,including a dense atmosphere,active volcanism,a global magnetic field,and potentially habitable conditions.Modeling the early climate of Mars is essential for understanding its climatic evolution.This paper systematically reviews research from the past few decades on the early Martian climate,focusing on the influence of processes such as the“faint young Sun paradox”,greenhouse gas concentrations,meteoritic impacts,and feedbacks within the climate system.We also focus on ongoing debates and challenges in climate modeling,including the duration of warming events,the role of minor atmospheric constituents,the northern ocean hypothesis,and atmospheric escape processes.Finally,the study discusses future research directions,such as the integration of high-resolution glacial models with general circulation models(GCMs),deeper investigations into water-rock interactions,and planetary-scale studies involving the Martian mantle.This work aims to provide a valuable reference for research on the climatic and environmental evolution of Mars.
作者
宗思翰
谭宁
赵明宇
陈凌
吴海斌
孙咏
林巍
郭正堂
ZONG Sihan;TAN Ning;ZHAO Mingyu;CHEN Ling;WU Haibin;SUN Yong;LIN Wei;GUO Zhengtang(State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Environment and Resources(TPESER),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Planetary Science and Frontier Technology,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《第四纪研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期1001-1012,共12页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:42488201)
中国科学院(B类)战略性先导科技专项项目(批准号:XDB0710000)共同资助。
关键词
火星早期气候
气候模拟
弱太阳悖论
early Mars climate
climate modeling
faint young Sun paradox
